tapf002.004 tapf002.004.001 tò, tò OK intj ǹyúu m- 1PS- agp- yu CONT aux -LHL -RLS -vtone tà'à ta'a want v -L -L -INF -vtone OK, I want Markus tapf002.004.002 íddàmùwà i- 2PS.IRR- agpi- CDup- 2PS- agpl- dama tell v -wa -APPL -appl -HL -IRR -vtone mù mù 1PS.PRO pro ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art víndànà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone cìmé'ĩ̀ tì- NC6- nc- mé'ĩ̀ inside n ti̋bbídíyò ti̋- AGR6.GEN- aggen- CDup- NC8- nc- bídíyò video n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem sɔ́bɔ̀ sɔ́bɔ̀ because conj dà *dà *** *** míndà m- 1PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone vì v- AGR8- ag- ì PRO ncpro cé cé NEG neg you to tell me what you saw in that video, because I haven't seen it Markus tapf002.004.003 ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art víndànà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone dègè dègè from prep ùhwáarà ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v a̋ a̋ LOC prep údúkwá ù- NC7- nc- dukwa go v tá... *tá... *** *** ùkɔ́tùwɔ̀ ù- NC7- nc- kɔtɔ finish v -wa -ANTIC -antic what you saw from the start to the finish Markus tapf002.004.004 íddàmùwà i- 2PS.IRR- agpi- CDup- 2PS- agpl- dama tell v -wa -APPL -appl -HL -IRR -vtone mù mù 1PS.PRO pro kuma *kuma *** *** and you should tell me Markus tapf002.004.005 ǹ ǹ and conj tìlípã̀iǃ tì- NC6- nc- lípã̀i good n well! Markus tapf002.004.006 tínà, tì- AGR6- ag- nà ART art múugwàanùkwà m- 1PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- gwaanukwa understand v -HL -IRR -vtone ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà, ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art víndànà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone so that I will understand the things that you saw Markus tapf002.004.007 tò, tò OK intj ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art míndànà m- 1PS- agp- inda see v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wúllè wú- AGR7- ag- llè that dem OK, what I saw in that place Ishaya in the compound where the film was shown or the film itself? tapf002.004.008 'ínà 'ínà some quant zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n vì, v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop ánà ánà when conj ùkúmbà u- 3PS- agp- kumba climb v -LHL -RLS -vtone úɗángà ù- NC7- nc- ɗángà tree n there was a man, then he climbed a tree Ishaya tapf002.004.009 ánà ánà when conj ùkúmbànà u- 3PS- agp- kumba climb v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úɗángà, ù- NC7- nc- ɗángà tree n ùcíɗànà u- 3PS- agp- ciɗa pluck v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone múu mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl mi̋v=ɗɗángà mi̋- AGR5- aggen- vì- NC8- nc- ɗángà tree n when he climbed the tree, he picked fruit Ishaya tapf002.004.010 wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùtánnà u- 3PS- agp- tanna descend v -LHL -RLS -vtone then he came down Ishaya tapf002.004.011 wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùtṹwõ̀ u- 3PS- agp- tũwõ pour v -LHL -RLS -vtone mì m- AGR5- ag- ì PRO ncpro then he poured them Ishaya tapf002.004.012 a̋ a̋ LOC prep mòkúlòotû mò- NC4- nc- kúlòotû basket n a̋ a̋ LOC prep ǹkúlòotû m̀- NC5- nc- kúlòotû basket n in a basket...in baskets Ishaya tapf002.004.013 ánà ánà when conj ùtṹwõ̀nà u- 3PS- agp- tũwõ pour v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rè, rè 3PP.PRO pro wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùgútù u- 3PS- agp- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùkúmbà ù- NC7- nc- kumba climb v when he poured them, then he climbed back up Ishaya tapf002.004.014 ánà ánà when conj ùkúmbànà, u- 3PS- agp- kumba climb v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone sée sée unless conj 'ínà 'ínà some quant zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n yáanà, yaa arrive v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ínà 'ínà some quant mɔ́ɔ mɔ́ɔ child n màyáanà ma- AGR4- agv- yaa arrive v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep kkèeké CDup- NC8- nc- kèeké bicycle n when he climbed, then another person arrived, a child arrived on a bike Ishaya tapf002.004.015 ánà ánà when conj màyáanànà, ma- AGR4- agv- yaa arrive v -na -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone máyà m- AGR4- agv- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone mɔ̀pɔ́lù ma- AGR4- agv- pɔlu turn_on_side v -LHL -RLS -vtone kèeké kèeké bicycle n ùkábànà u- 3PS- agp- kaba take v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone when he arrived, then he put the bike down on its side and he took Ishaya See progression from NP to gender ag to person ag tapf002.004.016 mòkúlòotû mò- NC4- nc- kúlòotû basket n mòtò mà- AGR4- ag- tò one num one basket Ishaya tapf002.004.017 dègèlêe dègèlée then conj wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdúwànù u- 3PS- agp- duwa put v -nu -RES -res -LHL -RLS -vtone then he placed Ishaya tapf002.004.018 a̋ a̋ LOC prep kàríyà kàríyà carrier n on the pannier frame Ishaya tapf002.004.019 vi̋kèeké vi̋- AGR8- aggen- kèeké bicycle n vínà vì- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ùyónò u- 3PS- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone céelímé tì- NC6- nc- élímé in_front_of n of the bike which he had at the front Ishaya tapf002.004.020 wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdóonù u- 3PS- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdílònù u- 3PS- agp- dilu put_on_top v -nu -RES -res -LHL -RLS -vtone géɗù géɗù high n then he sat down and put it on top Ishaya tapf002.004.021 dègèlêe dègèlée then conj wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ù'wâa u- 3PS- agp- 'waa pass v -LHL -RLS -vtone then he went Ishaya tapf002.004.022 ùkúmbà u- 3PS- agp- kumba climb v -LHL -RLS -vtone kèeké, kèeké bicycle n ùdúkwà u- 3PS- agp- dukwa go v -LHL -RLS -vtone he got on the bike, he left Ishaya tapf002.004.023 evi *evi *** *** lêe lêe there loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep kkái... *kkái... *** *** vi̋ńháalú, vi̋- AGR8- aggen- m̀- NC5- nc- háalú journey n dègèlêe dègèlée then conj wǎayà u- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùyúwò u- 3PS- agp- yuwo fall v -LHL -RLS -vtone he was there in the middle of the journey, then he fell Ishaya note double cons on kai, which is not even a proper borrowed word...'kan tafiya' is the Hausa, this is from the word kai meaning head. Notice not 'kan' but kai. tapf002.004.024 ánà ánà when conj ùyúwònò, u- 3PS- agp- yuwo fall v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone múu mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl mínà mì- AGR5- ag- nà ART art mi̋ɗɗángà mi̋- AGR5- aggen- vì- NC8- nc- ɗángà tree n máyà m- AGR5- agv- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹ'úgò m- AGR5- agv- 'ugo thrown_away v -LHL -RLS -vtone when he fell, the fruit fell Ishaya 'ugu is the causative, 'ugo is the intransitive. tapf002.004.025 ánà ánà when conj mì'úgònò mi- AGR5- agv- 'ugo thrown_away v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone sée sée unless conj 'ɔ́tɔ̀ 'ítɔ̀ neighbour n -PL -PL -pl héevì ha- AGR2- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ògóonì a- 3PP- agp- goonu help v -LHL -RLS -vtone vì, vì 3PS.PRO pro ùɗángùlà ù- NC7- nc- ɗangula gather v when they fell then his friends helped him, gathering Ishaya tapf002.004.026 ánà ánà when conj àɗángùlà a- 3PP- agp- ɗangula gather v -LHL -RLS -vtone põ̂ põ̂ all quant when they gathered them all Ishaya tapf002.004.027 dègèlêe dègèlée then conj wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ù'wâa u- 3PS- agp- 'waa pass v -LHL -RLS -vtone then he left Ishaya tapf002.004.028 lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem ùkúmbà u- 3PS- agp- kumba climb v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg ùyɔ́nɔ̀ u- 3PS- agp- yɔnɔ pull v -LHL -RLS -vtone yɔ́nɔ̀ yɔnɔ pull v that time he didn't ride he pulled Ishaya interesting use of the word 'pull'...in English you would use 'push'. tapf002.004.029 tò tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj ùyɔ́nɔ̀nɔ̀ u- 3PS- agp- yɔnɔ pull v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdúkùdúkwà u- 3PS- agp- dukwa go v - - - dukwa go v -LHL -RLS -vtone sée sée unless conj à'ɔ́mɔ̀, a- 3PP- agp- 'ɔmɔ call v -LHL -RLS -vtone àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art ɔ̀'ɔ́mì a- 3PP- agp- 'ɔmɔ call v -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro when he pushed he was on the point of going when they called...those people called him Ishaya The meaning of the reduplication is difficult. MY explained it as follows: when you go on a journey, you forget something, or you hesitate (without necessarily going back). It could be an attenuative meaning e.g. 'he almost went' or 'he was on the point of understanding'. MY used ingwaanugwaanukwa in a similat way to refer to how he was starting to understand/almost understanding/on the point of understanding chess. àzá héllèenà ùdúkùdúkwà tapf002.004.030 ùpándà u- 3PS- agp- panda forget v -LHL -RLS -vtone màlàhwá mà- NC4- nc- làhwá straw_hat n he forgot his hat Ishaya tapf002.004.031 ánà ánà when conj ùpándà u- 3PS- agp- panda forget v -LHL -RLS -vtone màlàhwá mà- NC4- nc- làhwá straw_hat n méllè mà- AGR4- ag- llè that dem when he forgot that hat Ishaya tapf002.004.032 tò tò OK intj sée sée unless conj 'ínà 'ínà some quant zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n cìmé'ĩ̀ tì- NC6- nc- mé'ĩ̀ inside n tíivè tì- AGR6- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro dón dón because conj mǐndà m- 1PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone éllè éllè that_one pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one num ùyôo u- 3PS- agp- yo be v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj 'ínà 'ínà some quant ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art úyã̀awà u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -wa -APPL -appl -HL -IRR -vtone ìlábá ì- NC3- nc- lábá play n ǹ ǹ and conj yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro OK then one of them I saw that one had something which he was playing with Ishaya note pre and post articles on iri tone on don? tapf002.004.033 wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùkábànà u- 3PS- agp- kaba take v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone then he brought Ishaya tapf002.004.034 màlàhwá mà- NC4- nc- làhwá straw_hat n mánà mà- AGR4- ag- nà ART art the hat Ishaya This seems to be the correct tones on malahwa tapf002.004.035 wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùwáyùwà u- 3PS- agp- aya come v -wa -APPL -appl -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro then he came for him Ishaya ùwáyùu vì is the condensed and usual form. The next line shows it more expanded because of the -na. tapf002.004.036 ánà ánà when conj wáyùwànì u- 3PS- agp- aya come v -wa -APPL -appl -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro dègèlêe dègèlée then conj wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùgútù u- 3PS- agp- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone xxx *xxx *** *** éví éví 3PS.PRO pro nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art when he came for him then he went back, he. Ishaya tapf002.004.037 wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùcâa u- 3PS- agp- caa give v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro mɔ́ɔ mɔ́ɔ child n műuɗángà, ma̋- AGR4- aggen- ù- NC7- nc- ɗángà tree n mɔ́ɔ mɔ́ɔ child n màtáatù mà- AGR4- ag- tâatù three num then he gave them fruit, three fruits Ishaya tone on taatu tapf002.004.038 dègèlêe dègèlée then conj ánà ánà when conj éllè éllè that_one pro nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ánà ánà when conj àcâanì a- 3PP- agp- caa give v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro ánà ánà when conj ùyôonò u- 3PS- agp- yoo go v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n 'ɔ́tɔ̀ 'ítɔ̀ neighbour n -PL -PL -pl héevì ha- AGR2- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùkáisùwà u- 3PS- agp- kaisa divide v -wa -APPL -appl -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro then when he had given them, when he went to his friends then he shared with them Ishaya tapf002.004.039 tò tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj ùkáisùwànà u- 3PS- agp- kaisa divide v -wa -APPL -appl -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro OK when he shared with them Ishaya tapf002.004.040 dègèlêe dègèlée then conj háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone à'wâa a- 3PP- agp- 'waa pass v -LHL -RLS -vtone then they went Ishaya tapf002.004.041 a̋ a̋ LOC prep údúkwá ù- NC7- nc- dukwa go v going Ishaya tapf002.004.042 ánà ánà when conj à'wâanà a- 3PP- agp- 'waa pass v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone údùkwà ù- NC7- nc- dukwa go v -L -COMPL -ntone when they went going Ishaya tapf002.004.043 háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ere *ere *** *** àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art ere *ere *** *** àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hàtáatù hà- AGR2- ag- tâatù three num ánà ánà when conj háayànà a- 3PP- agp- aya come v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone kuma *kuma *** *** dáidái dáidái correctness adv 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art éllè éllè that_one pro ùkábànà u- 3PS- agp- kaba take v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone mòkúlòotû mò- NC4- nc- kúlòotû basket n méllè mà- AGR4- ag- llè that dem then they those people the people those three people when they came just to the place where that one had brought that basket Ishaya aza hataatu was only reluctantly accepted for azaa taatu - this is an orthographic question - do we write the contracted forms or the expanded forms?. tone on taatu tapf002.004.044 àzâa a- 3PP- agp- zaa see v -LHL -RLS -vtone éllè, éllè that_one pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ùyónò u- 3PS- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úcìɗànà ù- NC7- nc- ciɗa pluck v -na -VENT -vent -L -COMPL -ntone múu mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl mi̋ɗɗángà mi̋- AGR5- aggen- vì- NC8- nc- ɗángà tree n nnà, CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ùtánnà u- 3PS- agp- tanna descend v -LHL -RLS -vtone they saw him, the person picking the fruit, he came down Ishaya tapf002.004.045 dègè dègè from prep géɗù géɗù high n a̋ a̋ LOC prep úɗángà ù- NC7- nc- ɗángà tree n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art from up the tree Ishaya tapf002.004.046 ánà ánà when conj ùtánnànà u- 3PS- agp- tanna descend v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone when he had come down Ishaya tapf002.004.047 é éví 3PS.PRO pro dá'à dá'à moreover adv wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùtṹwõ̀ u- 3PS- agp- tũwõ pour v -LHL -RLS -vtone sée sée unless conj ùkóllò u- 3PS- agp- kollo look_at v -LHL -RLS -vtone mòkúlòotû, mò- NC4- nc- kúlòotû basket n dâamá... *dâamá... *** *** màtáatù, mà- AGR4- ag- tâatù three num xxx *xxx *** *** wíndà u- 3PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone màyápù mà- AGR4- ag- yápù two num íyàaká íyàaká limit n and then he poured then he looked at the basket, before there were three, he saw just two Ishaya seems to be correct tones on íyàaká éví could replace e at the start. tone on taatu tapf002.004.048 á'áǃ á'á surprise intj wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ù'íngò u- 3PS- agp- 'ingo go_home v -LHL -RLS -vtone ù'ísànù u- 3PS- agp- 'isanu stand v -LHL -RLS -vtone a'a! then he stood up Ishaya tapf002.004.049 ùyã́a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone mìsáalì mìsáalì example n ǹ ǹ and conj kùcíyè kù- NC9- nc- cíyè hand n he did example on his hand Ishaya tapf002.004.050 ùyã́a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kúyã̀a kù- NC9- nc- yãa do v -L -COMPL -ntone mìsáalì mìsáalì example n wàatõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part ùyã́a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone tùnàní tùnàní thinking n ùhyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone á'áǃ á'á surprise intj he was doing examples, that is to say he was thinking he said a'a! Ishaya tapf002.004.051 tò tò OK intj mǐndà m- 1PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg mòkúlòotû mò- NC4- nc- kúlòotû basket n mòtò mà- AGR4- ag- tò one num hĩ̂i hĩ̂i definitely intj OK I don't see one basket Ishaya tone on hĩi? tapf002.004.052 tò tò OK intj mòtò mà- AGR4- ag- tò one num mògútù ma- AGR4- agv- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone hànú? hànú where question OK one went where? Ishaya tapf002.004.053 dègèlêe dègèlée then conj ù'úngò u- 3PS- agp- 'ungo rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone ù'ísànù u- 3PS- agp- 'isanu stand v -LHL -RLS -vtone ù'ɔ́pɔ̀ u- 3PS- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùyã́a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kùcíyè kù- NC9- nc- cíyè hand n híndè híndè like_this adv ù'ɔ́pɔ̀, u- 3PS- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -LHL -RLS -vtone ánà ánà when conj ù'ɔ́pɔ̀ u- 3PS- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -LHL -RLS -vtone kɔ́jɔ̀gù kà- NC1- nc- jɔ̀gù chin n híndè híndè like_this adv then he got up he held his hand like this he held, he held his chin like this Ishaya Ishaya was gesturing at the time tapf002.004.054 tò, tò OK intj dègèlêe dègèlée then conj OK then Ishaya tapf002.004.055 lêe lêe there loc vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art yìkɔ́tɔ̀ i- AGR3- agv- kɔtɔ finish v -LHL -RLS -vtone àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kúu'wàa kù- NC9- nc- 'waa pass v -L -COMPL -ntone there the things finished those people then were leaving Ishaya tapf002.004.056 à'ísànù a- 3PP- agp- 'isanu stand v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg sée sée unless conj àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kúu'wàa kù- NC9- nc- 'waa pass v -L -COMPL -ntone they didn't stop they just left Ishaya tapf002.004.057 tò tò OK intj lêe lêe there loc vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop kɔ̀kɔ́tɔ̀nɔ̀ ka- AGR1- agv- kɔtɔ finish v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK there it's finished Ishaya tapf002.004.058 ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art míndànà m- 1PS- agp- inda see v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone what I saw Ishaya tapf002.004.059 tò, tò OK intj ǹgwédè m- 1PS- agp- gwede thank v -LHL -RLS -vtone OK, thank you Markus