sayb001 sayb001.001 2.400 18.080 Markus tò, tò OK intj tìyúu ti- 1PP- agp- yuu CONT aux -LHL -RLS -vtone tà'à ta'a want v -L -L -INF -vtone tílàpà ti- 1PP- agp- lapa know v -HL -IRR -vtone tínà tì- AGR6- ag- nà ART art àhwáarànà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdóonù ù- NC7- nc- doonu sit_down v pâa, pâa here loc ǹ ǹ and conj tínà tì- AGR6- ag- nà ART art kúmá, kùmà more quant àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone hárì hár until conj àsúngwà a- 3PP- agp- sungwa be_sated v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâaní pâa here loc -ni -NMLZ -nom OK we want to know how they started settling here and how also people did until they filled here hari asungwa - the /i/ and /a/ coalesce to give /e/, which makes me think the agreement marker /a/ is present. This trace seems to be lacking in Mohammadu's speech, by contrast. tone on paani? sayb001.002 18.300 22.960 Yabani ùdóonù ù- NC7- nc- doonu sit_down v pâa, pâa here loc óttì òtù 1PP.PRO pro gó gó TOP part tùhwáarànà ti- 1PP- agp- hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc settling here... it's us that started here sayb001.003 22.960 25.380 Yabani dègè dègè from prep àmú àmù 1PS.PRO pro sée sée unless conj kàmã́yã̀ kà- NC1- nc- mã́yã̀ elder n kóvôo kà- AGR1- ag- vô 1PS.POSS ppro just me and my elder brother sayb001.004 26.160 35.440 Yabani tò, tò OK intj ótú òtù 1PP.PRO pro zá zá person n hàyápù, hà- AGR2- ag- yápù two num tò, tò OK intj címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv émpè émpè this pro us two people OK little-by-little someone empe is a new referent here aza or za? sayb001.005 35.440 36.660 Yabani wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone újòolò, u- 3PS- agp- joolo check v -HL -IRR -vtone ùhyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wúmpà wú- AGR7- ag- mpà this dem wùɗà u- AGR7- agv- ɗà be aux tìlípã̀i tì- NC6- nc- lípã̀i good n he came to check, he said this place is good ásūːmpà sayb001.006 37.020 42.500 Yabani wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdóonù ù- NC7- nc- doonu sit_down v émpè émpè this pro wǔutònò, u- 3PS- agp- uto rise v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wúmpà wú- AGR7- ag- mpà this dem wùɗà u- AGR7- agv- ɗà have aux tìlípã̀i tì- NC6- nc- lípã̀i good n wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdóonù u- 3PS- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone he came he settled, someone on coming out (he thought) this place is good, he came he settled wuutonoo translated fitawa sayb001.007 42.500 47.840 Yabani ótú òtù 1PP.PRO pro wàtò wàtò that_is_to_say part àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hè ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop gó gó TOP part tìbɔ́lɔ̀nɔ̀, ti- 1PP- agp- bɔlɔ look_for v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone hárì, hár until conj hárì hár until conj víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone tìcíyò ti- 1PP- agp- tiyo get v -LHL -RLS -vtone àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n pâa pâa here loc gẽ̂i gẽ́i much adv we it was people we looked for until you see we got many people here 'we' is Yabani and one or more of his brothers. OSV word order length of t in ottu and other places sayb001.008 49.200 50.650 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ìdóonùnà i- 2PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc OK when you settled here lóːkàtʃínːìdó... sayb001.009 50.650 51.880 Markus pâa pâa here loc vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop yónò yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone dâamá... *dâamá... *** *** it was here you were formerly? dâ... máa... = Hausa for formerly sayb001.010 52.200 55.040 Markus hárì hár until conj àzá, à- NC2- nc- zá person n hárì hár until conj ùyã́a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kùpílù kù- NC9- nc- pílù many n híndè híndè like_this adv sáa sáa or conj gò gó TOP part until it became populous, or... The unspoken complement is understood to be 'or did you become populous somewhere else first, and then move here later' sayb001.011 54.700 55.300 Yabani á'à á'à no intj no sayb001.012 55.140 56.020 Markus òkóo òkóo there_exists pres 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art ìkámànà i- 2PP- agp- kama be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone or was there another place that you were? Here wuna comes after 'asu, and yet the meaning is indefinite - relative clauses do not demand identifiable referents. sayb001.013 56.050 57.170 Yabani víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone kóngó kóngó former_habitation n víttù vì- AGR8- ag- ttù 1PP.POSS ppro 'índè? 'índè there loc ázá à- NC2- nc- zá person n àtárè... *àtárè... *** *** hè'índè hà- AGR2- ag- 'índè there loc you see our former habitation there. Those people gathered(?) Need to check translation sayb001.014 58.590 59.600 Yabani 'ɔ̀sɔ́nì 'ɔ̀sɔ́ní near adv ǹ ǹ and conj kwá'à kù- NC9- nc- 'wá'à compound n kúKàwò... *kúKàwò... *** *** near to the house of Kawo Kawo is a current resident of Galadima sayb001.015 60.830 63.480 Yabani tìkámùkwà ti- 1PP- agp- kama be v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc dá'à dá'à moreover adv ánà ánà when conj tù'ɔ́ɔnɔ̀ ti- 1PP- agp- 'ɔɔ tired v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc táyà ti- 1PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone tìgítànà ti- 1PP- agp- gita go_back v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc we were there, when we tired of there we came back here sayb001.016 63.830 66.050 Yabani dègè dègè from prep àmú àmù 1PS.PRO pro sée sée unless conj kàmã́yã̀ kà- NC1- nc- mã́yã̀ elder n kóvôo kà- AGR1- ag- vô 1PS.POSS ppro just me and my elder brother sayb001.017 66.680 69.880 Yabani tò, tò OK intj àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv émpè émpè this pro wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùhyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone kâiǃ kâi excl intj OK, people little-by-little someone came and said kai! sayb001.018 69.880 71.490 Yabani èvì éví 3PS.PRO pro ùtá'à u- 3PS- agp- ta'a want v -LHL -RLS -vtone údòonù u- 3PS- agp- doonu sit_down v -HL -IRR -vtone pâa pâa here loc he he wanted to live here sayb001.019 71.590 72.370 Yabani tíhyã̀a ti- 1PP- agp- hyãa say v -HL -IRR -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro àyáǃ aya come v -LH -IMP -vtone we said to him come! Why subjunctive tone? sayb001.020 72.650 75.120 Yabani émpè émpè this pro wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùhyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone A...ǃ *A... *** *** tìtá'à ti- 1PP- agp- ta'a want v -LHL -RLS -vtone tídòonù ti- 1PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -HL -IRR -vtone pâa pâa here loc someone he came he said A! we want to stay here sayb001.021 75.230 77.800 Yabani tíhyã̀a ti- 1PP- agp- hyãa say v -HL -IRR -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro àyáǃ aya come v -LH -IMP -vtone hár hár until conj tíyã̀a ti- 1PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone gẽ́i gẽ́i much adv we said to him come! until we were many people why subjunctive? sayb001.022 78.320 85.400 Markus tò, tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj ìdóonùnà i- 2PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'índè, 'índè there loc lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art yáyànà i- 2PP- agp- aya come v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone yìdóonù i- 2PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc OK when you had settled there, when you had come and settled here, inde is the place they were tired with, here is the present house sayb001.023 85.400 87.720 Markus 'ásù 'ásù place n wúmpà wú- AGR7- ag- mpà this dem tèné tì- AGR6- ag- èné what question tì tì- AGR6- ag- ì COP cop ùyónò u- 3PS- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone àkwái òkóo there_exists pres cíyímbì tì- NC6- nc- yímbì dark n gẽ̂i gẽ́i much adv this place how was it, there was a lot of darkness because the land had not been cleared yet. ag7 agreement on uyono I think - tene ti asumpa uyono would also be fine here. long m in ciyimbi sayb001.024 87.720 90.560 Markus sáa sáa or conj hínà hínà TOP part gó gó TOP part kàhíilí kà- NC1- nc- híilí field n kè kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop tínà tì- AGR6- ag- nà ART art ùyónò u- 3PS- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ká'à ká'à now adv or was it an open space how it is now? Hard to tell if this is 3ps or ag7 agreement on uyono... sayb001.025 90.600 92.370 Yabani á'à, á'à no intj òkóo òkóo there_exists pres cíyímmbì tì- NC6- nc- yímbì dark n no there was darkness sayb001.026 92.850 93.620 Markus òkóo òkóo there_exists pres cíyímmbì tì- NC6- nc- yímbì dark n gẽ̂i? gẽ́i much adv There was a lot of darkness? sayb001.027 93.460 96.540 Yabani ée, 'ĩ́i yes intj zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art tá'ànà ta'a want v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone wúudòonù u- 3PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- doonu sit_down v -HL -IRR -vtone màháa màhá but conj sée sée unless conj úɗànpéyè... *úɗànpéyè... *** *** 'ásù 'ásù place n yes. whoever wanted to stay he had to prepare a place sai ya d'ansari wuri, or ɗangyara I think this is Hausa ɗan plus a Cicipu verb peye, but I've not see peye anywhere else... sayb001.028 96.770 97.230 Markus úvìsà u- 3PS- agp- bisa break_apart v -HL -IRR -vtone he cleared the land verb sayb001.029 97.430 99.740 Yabani zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art tá'ànà ta'a want v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone údòonù u- 3PS- agp- doonu sit_down v -HL -IRR -vtone sée sée unless conj ùɗànpéyè... *ùɗànpéyè... *** *** 'ásù 'ásù place n whoever wanted to stay he had to be prepare a small place sayb001.030 100.220 101.240 Yabani hárì hár until conj kàhíilí kà- NC1- nc- híilí field n káyã̀a ka- AGR1- agv- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone until there was a field lit. until a field did sayb001.031 102.360 108.040 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ìdóonùnà i- 2PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa, pâa here loc ìkámà i- 2PP- agp- kama be v -LHL -RLS -vtone hànú? hànú where question OK when you settled here, where were you? the ha is very faint, no nu! sayb001.032 108.040 109.000 Yabani hmmmm...? *hmmmm... *** *** hmmmmm? sayb001.033 109.000 110.000 Markus ìkámà i- 2PP- agp- kama be v -LHL -RLS -vtone hànú? hànú where question where were you? Notice very flat tones at the end of the utterance, in contrast to normally falling intonation. I'd say that the L H ending counteracts the falling interaction to produce level tones. sayb001.034 110.640 112.160 Yabani víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg kóngó kóngó former_habitation n víttù vì- AGR8- ag- ttù 1PP.POSS ppro 'índè 'índè there loc Don't you see our former habitation there? he was pointing to the place near Kawo's house, in Galadima towards Rukuntu sayb001.035 112.280 115.060 Markus kàmí kàahí before conj yáyà i- 2PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ìdóonù i- AGR3- agv- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa, pâa here loc kàmí kàahí before conj ìdóonù i- AGR3- agv- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc hànú hànú where question vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop ìkámànà i- 2PP- agp- kama be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone dâamà... *dâamà... *** *** before you came and stayed here, before you stayed here where was it you were formerly? sayb001.036 115.350 118.020 Yabani òtù? òtù 1PP.PRO pro 'índè 'índè there loc rúkùntûu... *rúkùntûu... *** *** us? there at Rukuntu Is the high tone on Ru- the 'locative' case? tone and long t on otu? sayb001.037 118.990 121.210 Markus 'ásù 'ásù place n kùsã́a kù- NC9- nc- sã́a mountain n kűrúkùntûu... *kúrùkùntù... *** *** the place of the mountain of Rukuntu gwiya etc is a stutter sayb001.038 121.870 123.240 Yabani 'ásù 'ásù place n kóngó kóngó former_habitation n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé? cé NEG neg the place of that former habitation don't you see? sayb001.039 123.660 125.920 Yabani lêe lêe there loc 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art yónò yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úcù'ò ù- NC7- nc- cu'o plant v -L -COMPL -ntone lêe lêe there loc víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé? cé NEG neg pàmpâa pàmpâa right_here loc there the place you are sowing there don't you see? right here I think he would have been pointing at this point. sayb001.040 126.120 127.190 Yabani víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg kkúwò kkúwò baobab_fruit n lêe? lêe there loc Do you not see the baobab trees there? This is a clear example of a long k in natural speech. sayb001.041 127.550 129.360 Markus ǹgwáanùkwà m- 1PS- agp- gwaanukwa understand v -LHL -RLS -vtone I understand sayb001.042 129.410 131.860 Yabani ánà ánà when conj tù'úngònò ti- 1PP- agp- 'ungo rise v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc táyà ti- 1PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone tìdóonù ti- 1PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc ggwédíbè CDup- NC8- nc- gwédíbè main_road n pâa pâa here loc when we left there we came and settled here the road here sayb001.043 132.050 134.320 Yabani 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art Yóoyò... *Yóoyò... *** *** kámùkwànà kama be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone the place where Yoyo was. Yoyo is the name of a person, now dead. sayb001.044 135.400 138.700 Yabani lêe lêe there loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep kásáurá kà- NC1- nc- sáurá remainder n káy... *káy... *** *** kánà ká- AGR1- ag- nà ART art Wɔ́ɔtɔ́... *Wɔ́ɔtɔ́... *** *** lêe lêe there loc in the fallow fields of Wooto I think kay- is a hesitation. Why the -na suffix? Wooto is the name of an old man, now dead. sayb001.045 139.240 140.690 Yabani tò tò OK intj dègè ánà dègè ánà then conj tù'úngònò ti- 1PP- agp- 'ungo rise v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc OK when we left there sayb001.046 140.690 142.020 Yabani àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone gò gó TOP part tícégùmì tì- NC6- nc- cégùmì gossip n they did quarrel sayb001.047 142.410 144.710 Yabani òtù òtù 1PP.PRO pro táyà ti- 1PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone tìpásànà ti- 1PP- agp- pasa cross v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone ɗôo ɗôo here loc táyà ti- 1PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone túutò ti- 1PP- agp- uto rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùnú ù- NC7- nc- nú work n wúttù wú- AGR7- ag- ttù 1PP.POSS ppro us we crossed here, we started our work Crossed over the stream between Bazama and Rukuntu otu - tone and length sayb001.048 148.250 150.900 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ìkámànà i- 2PP- agp- kama be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'índè 'índè there loc OK when you were there (i.e. Rukuntu) sayb001.049 152.460 156.150 Markus 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc ví v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop àmátànà, a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone àmã́yã̀ à- NC2- nc- mã́yã̀ elder n hóttù hà- AGR2- ag- ttù 1PP.POSS ppro sáa sáa or conj hínà hínà TOP part gó gó TOP part it's there they bore, our older brothers or? sayb001.050 156.150 157.950 Markus àmátà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro pâa pâa here loc sáa sáa or conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ìkámànà i- 2PP- agp- kama be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úpàsù ù- NC7- nc- pàsù across n they bore them here when you were across sayb001.051 158.040 160.660 Yabani á'à, á'à no intj àmã́yã̀ à- NC2- nc- mã́yã̀ elder n hóɗɗò hà- AGR2- ag- ɗɗò 2PP.POSS ppro àmátà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro pâa pâa here loc No your older brothers were born here sayb001.052 160.880 161.830 Markus pâa pâa here loc ví v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop põ̂ põ̂ all quant àmátànà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro it's was here we were all born sayb001.053 161.900 162.490 Yabani páttì páttì all quant all sayb001.054 162.500 169.550 Markus páttì, páttì all quant põ̂ põ̂ all quant áa zàmà..., áa àmà... PL ? áa áa PL ? dírì..., *dírì... *** *** põ̂ põ̂ all quant àmátà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro pâa? pâa here loc all, all Zama and his lot, Diri and his lot, we were all born here? Zama is Sale and Diri is Wakala, two of Markus' older relatives. These must be their family names. I'm not sure exactly what the scope of the 'a' plural is here. sayb001.055 168.710 170.770 Yabani páttì páttì all quant pâa, pâa here loc bàa báa there_is_no neg mèngénà mà- NC4- nc- ngénà child n àmátànà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc you or not one child was born there mengenaa me means 'child', gender 4. sayb001.056 170.770 172.800 Yabani dòorí dòorí formerly adv lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone gó gó TOP part dègè dègè from prep àmú àmù 1PS.PRO pro formerly that time you see, just me sayb001.057 174.530 175.480 Yabani Gálàjúú... *Gálàjúú... *** *** Founder of Ka'ingawa kagaladima sayb001.058 175.050 176.110 Markus Gálàdíimà... *Gálàdíimà... *** *** His alternate name sayb001.059 175.670 181.460 Yabani Hànà'aíkì..., *Hànà'aíkì... *** *** tò tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone máyàmící... *máyàmící... *** *** ótù, òtù 1PP.PRO pro ótù òtù 1PP.PRO pro pásànnà pasa cross v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ɗôo ɗôo here loc Hana'aiki, OK when there was a dispute/quarrel (i.e. in Rukuntu, the older settlement), that's when (why?) we crossed over here Hànà'aíkì is another of Yabani's elder brothers, now dead. They crossed over the stream between Rukuntu and Bazama because of a dispute yamutsi is Hausa for quarrel ottu? sayb001.060 181.460 182.860 Yabani táyà ti- 1PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone túutò ti- 1PP- agp- uto rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùnú ù- NC7- nc- nú work n wúttù wú- AGR7- ag- ttù 1PP.POSS ppro we came we went out to work on our own i.e. they started their own work, independently of the others they left behind. sayb001.061 183.860 186.650 Yabani a̋a áa PL ? ɗànjúmà... *ɗànjúmà... *** *** põ̂ põ̂ all quant àmátà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro pâa pâa here loc Danjuma and his lot were born here Danjuma is the Mai'Unguwa. sayb001.062 186.650 187.450 Markus àmátà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro pâa? pâa here loc they were born here? sayb001.063 187.450 188.030 Yabani páttì páttì all quant all sayb001.064 189.550 195.020 Markus tò, tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj ìdóonùnà i- 2PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa, pâa here loc wàtò wàtò that_is_to_say part ùzámùkwà u- 3PS- agp- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc gò gó TOP part OK when you settled here, so, it became there, wuzamukwa was translated 'ya zama'. sayb001.065 195.020 196.800 Markus ìɗó ìɗó 2PP.PRO pro yì, i- 2PP- agp- ì COP cop ìhwáarànà i- 2PP- agp- hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ùjúngò ù- NC7- nc- jungo open v pâa pâa here loc it was you who started opening up here i.e. built here for the first time. Markus gave me i- prefix instead of u- on ihwaarana when we transcribed it. ùhwáarànà sayb001.066 196.960 199.660 Yabani pâa? pâa here loc bâa báa there_is_no neg sáa sáa or conj zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n óttì òtù 1PP.PRO pro tùhwáarànà ti- 1PP- agp- hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ùjúngò ù- NC7- nc- jungo open v pâa pâa here loc here no-one but us we started opening here sayb001.067 200.280 201.590 Yabani páttì páttì all quant àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hámpà hà- AGR2- ag- mpà this dem põ̂ põ̂ all quant all these (other) ones sayb001.068 202.130 206.620 Yabani zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n t-t-t-... *t-t-t-... *** *** ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ká'à ká'à now adv 'ásù, 'ásù place n víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone gó gó TOP part person one-by-one people came now to the place, you see ka gane dai sayb001.069 206.620 207.820 Yabani màhwáarí mà- NC4- nc- hwáarí start n põ̂ põ̂ all quant a̋a áa PL ? Dàmìnà... *Dàmìnà... *** *** starting with Damina's people This is Garba Damina - his was the first compound built here apart from Galadima's. sayb001.070 208.220 208.890 Markus éré éré 3PP.PRO pro dɔ́nɔ̀nnɔ̀? dɔnɔ follow v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone they followed? sayb001.071 208.949 209.937 Yabani érè éré 3PP.PRO pro dɔ́nɔ̀nnɔ̀ dɔnɔ follow v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone they followed position of double n? sayb001.072 210.000 214.120 Markus ánà ánà when conj ìdúkwànnà i- 2PP- agp- dukwa go v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa, pâa here loc érè éré 3PP.PRO pro àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art ɔ̀dɔ́nɔ̀nɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- dɔnɔ follow v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone ɗôo ɗôo here loc àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n háyápù hà- AGR2- ag- yápù two num when you went here, they the people who followed here were the second people Would 'second people' be different to 'two people'? sayb001.073 213.740 215.780 Yabani òtú òtù 1PP.PRO pro ánà ánà when conj tù'úngònò ti- 1PP- agp- 'ungo rise v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone gó gó TOP part kóngó kóngó former_habitation n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem us when we left that former residence sayb001.074 215.780 220.080 Yabani táyà ti- 1PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone tìdóonù ti- 1PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa, pâa here loc sée sée unless conj àzáabùrànnà... *àzáabùrànnà... *** *** àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj 'ásù 'ásù place n wúmpà wú- AGR7- ag- mpà this dem we settled here until people came running after (us) they said OK this place zaabura is Hausa for 'to hasten away' sayb001.075 220.100 222.220 Yabani àyúu a- 3PP- agp- yuu CONT aux -LHL -RLS -vtone tà'à ta'a want v -L -L -INF -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wűudẽ́i wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n ǹhyã́a m- 1PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj ìndúu ìndúu here_is pres 'ásù 'ásù place n lêe lêe there loc they are wanting a place to stay I said OK there's a place there Markus said 'ayuu' but the recording is different ásūdẽ̀ː sayb001.076 223.040 225.540 Yabani a̋a áa PL ? Màllàm... *Màllàm... *** *** Bígì... *Bígì... *** *** kúmá, kùmà more quant pâa pâa here loc ví v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop yáwò... *yáwò... *** *** yáwò... *yáwò... *** *** those of Mallam Bigi they were newcomers here they came maybe 10 or 15 years later and this was the third house to be built yawo is Hausa for journey sayb001.077 225.540 229.860 Yabani dòorí dòorí formerly adv àkámùkwà a- 3PP- agp- kama be v -LHL -RLS -vtone ɗôo ɗôo here loc ǹ ǹ and conj géɗù géɗù high n háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone kúmá kùmà more quant à'úngònò, a- 3PP- agp- 'ungo rise v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone òdóonù a- 3PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc formerly they lived here to the east, they left, they stayed there Does Yabani mean 'their house in this village' when he says 'there'? sayb001.078 230.300 234.780 Yabani a̋a áa PL ? Kàwò... *Kàwò... *** *** Mállàm... *Mállàm... *** *** Dógóo... *Dógóo... *** *** háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone òdóonù a- 3PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc a̋a áa PL ? Gɔ̀rĩ̀yɔ̃̂... *Gɔ̀rĩ̀yɔ̃̂... *** *** pâa pâa here loc põ̂ põ̂ all quant Those of Kawo...Mallam Dogoo they came there (actually there - possibly pointing), those of Gorinyon here all Mallam Dogoo was the father of Kawo. Gorinyon is a Cicipu name (he is Audu's father, Ishaya's grandfather) Gorinyon is Audu (Ishaya's father) was the last one to come sayb001.079 235.480 238.360 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem túuwà ti- 1PP- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone kànàbáyì, kà- NC1- nc- nàbáyì news n a̋a áa PL ? Bìgì... *Bìgì... *** *** àkámà a- 3PP- agp- kama be v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc ǹ ǹ and conj géɗù géɗù high n OK that time we heard a story Bigi's people they were here to the east paa seems to quite flexible deictic sayb001.080 238.360 239.600 Markus a̋ a̋ LOC prep úyáa ù- NC7- nc- yáa road n wűcíníyáa wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- tì- NC6- nc- níyáa farm n tíivè tì- AGR6- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro at the road of their farm i.e. the farm they have at the moment, when this recording was made sayb001.081 239.700 241.980 Markus a̋ a̋ LOC prep úyáa ù- NC7- nc- yáa road n wa̋azá wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- zá person n rùkùntûu... *rùkùntûu... *** *** wűurée wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- ù- NC7- nc- ré town n at the road of the people of Rukunto of the town The road of the people of Rukunto leading to Korisino (i.e. the town) sayb001.082 241.960 242.980 Yabani á'á á'á surprise intj kóngó kóngó former_habitation n célè célè that dem a'a! that former place sayb001.083 243.120 244.860 Markus tò, tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem túuwà ti- 1PP- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone kànàbáyì kà- NC1- nc- nàbáyì news n OK when we heard the story i.e. when Markus was younger sayb001.084 244.860 247.080 Markus àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone kàbárá kà- NC1- nc- bárá old_man n kíivè, kà- AGR1- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro kò'úngò ka- AGR1- agv- 'ungo rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep kwá'à kù- NC9- nc- 'wá'à compound n kúmpà kù- AGR9- ag- mpà this dem they said their elder grew up here to this house He is talking about Magaji, the father of Bigi and Mallam, who grew up in Yabani's family's house in Rukuntu I believe sayb001.085 247.080 250.760 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art kò'úngònò, ka- AGR1- agv- 'ungo rise v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc ìɗó ìɗó 2PP.PRO pro pâa pâa here loc OK when he grew up here, were you here? anaphoric human gender agreement sayb001.086 250.760 253.260 Markus kò'úngònò ka- AGR1- agv- 'ungo rise v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc sáa sáa or conj hínà hínà TOP part gó, gó TOP part ìɗó ìɗó 2PP.PRO pro ùpású ù- NC7- nc- pàsù across n 'índè? 'índè there loc he grew up here [Galadima] or were you across there [Rukuntu]? Clear case of anaphoric gender subject agreement, and then a cross-turn agreement progression in next clause sayb001.087 253.280 259.980 Yabani lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ù'úngònò u- 3PS- agp- 'ungo rise v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc ògútù a- 3PP- agp- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'índè 'índè there loc mɔ̀kɔ́tùkɔ́tì... *mɔ̀kɔ́tùkɔ́tì... *** *** when he grew up, they went back there to Mokotukoti Yabani doesn't really answer the question Mokotukoti is a hill near Sakaba (it's the conic one with the strange rock formation on top) i.e. when he (Magaji) left (isuwa) kwa'a kuYabani (the house of Yabani) in Rukuntu, he then went to Mokotukoti (Magaji was Yabani's relation and they lived together in Rukuntu). Either ogitu or ogutu is fine here at this point in the tape there are some Hausa greetings sayb001.088 268.800 275.840 Markus dègè dègè from prep éré éré 3PP.PRO pro sée, sée unless conj dègè dègè from prep ɗôo ɗôo here loc sée sée unless conj a̋a áa PL ? Dámìná... *Dámìná... *** *** sée sée unless conj a̋a áa PL ? Mallam *Mallam *** *** Bígí... *Bígí... *** *** àmmá àmá but conj a̋a áa PL ? Dámìná... *Dámìná... *** *** ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ father n víivè v- AGR8- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro kôo? koo die v -LHL -RLS -vtone from here until Damina's lot until Mallam Bigi's lot , but Damina's lot, their father died? There were three houses in the village - Yabani's, Damina's, and Mallam Bigi's sayb001.089 276.620 279.520 Markus ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ father n víivè v- AGR8- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop 'úngònò 'ungo rise v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂, 'ũ̂ there loc wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc kóo, kóo or conj sáa sáa or conj gò gó TOP part érè? éré 3PP.PRO pro their father went out from there he came here or was it them (i.e. A Damina)? 'un refers to another (unspecified) village sayb001.090 279.520 280.140 Yabani á'à á'à no intj No sayb001.091 280.340 280.680 Markus érè? éré 3PP.PRO pro it was them? i.e. a damina sayb001.092 280.660 283.360 Yabani érè, éré 3PP.PRO pro ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ father n víivè v- AGR8- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc 'índè 'índè there loc it was them, their father was there sayb001.093 282.900 284.220 Markus àmá àmá but conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem éré éré 3PP.PRO pro vésì vésì too adv múu? mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl but that time they (A Damina) were still children? i.e. when they settled here Tone problem with interlinearisation of muu (it's actually low tone) sayb001.094 284.260 288.900 Yabani èré éré 3PP.PRO pro múu mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl mànà, mànà definitely intj ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ father n víivè v- AGR8- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro 'ũ̂, 'ũ̂ there loc 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà, wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art ùkôonò u- 3PS- agp- koo die v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc 'índè 'índè there loc they were children their father was there the place, the place he died was there (i.e. the other place) sayb001.095 289.080 291.880 Yabani èré éré 3PP.PRO pro gò gó TOP part ánà ánà when conj ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ ɔ̀sɔ́ɔ father n víivè v- AGR8- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro ùkôonò u- 3PS- agp- koo die v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone dàɗáa... *dàɗáa... *** *** them, when their father died sayb001.096 291.880 294.380 Yabani ùdẽ́i ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art gó, gó TOP part háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àgítànà a- 3PP- agp- gita go_back v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc the (present) settlement, they came back here sayb001.097 294.500 304.420 Markus tò, tò OK intj tò tò OK intj ká'à, ká'à now adv kàmá kàmá like conj kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n tìlápà ti- 1PP- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone cè cé NEG neg OK OK now like Korisino we don't know 'we' means me and Markus here sayb001.098 305.420 308.760 Markus lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àhwáarànà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n sɔ́bɔ̀ sɔ́bɔ̀ because conj dà... *dà... *** *** the time they started Korisino because sayb001.099 308.760 315.180 Markus ìɗó, ìɗó 2PP.PRO pro ìsɔ́ɔ i- 2PP- agp- sɔɔ drink v -LHL -RLS -vtone móní, mà- NC4- nc- ní water n kùmà kùmà more quant yíndà i- 2PP- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone sáa sáa or conj wèné ù- AGR7- ag- èné what question lóokàcí lóokàcí time n vímpà vì- AGR8- ag- mpà this dem ǹ ǹ and conj vàyái v- 2PS- agp- aya come v -i -DEP -vaff ǹ ǹ and conj vù'wâi v- 2PS- agp- 'waa pass v -i -DEP -vaff you (pl) you have drunk water and you saw all this time with coming and going you (Yabani and other elders) have drunk water means they have lived a long time Hausa wannan nazuwa - times gone by? 2PS form of the V-initial verb dependent vina could be placed before vimpa tone on 'waa vù'wâi sayb001.100 315.180 318.740 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àhwáarà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdóonù ù- NC7- nc- doonu sit_down v OK when they started settling This is a good demonstration of a LHL pattern on the gerund, when in quick speech in object position it looks like HLL. Markus added a -na after ahwaara in transcribing this (and that is what I would expect) sayb001.101 318.740 321.480 Markus yìní yìní what question yũ̂unà yũu cause v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone hárì hár until conj àhwáarà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdẽ́i ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep kúsã́a? kù- NC9- nc- sã́a mountain n why even did they start settlement there on the mountain? sayb001.102 321.340 323.520 Yabani kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n ká'à ká'à now adv múugwàanùkwà m- 1PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- gwaanukwa understand v -HL -IRR -vtone cé cé NEG neg kàm kàm definitely ideo Korisino now I wouldn't know Note the prenasalisation before gwaanukwa sayb001.103 324.880 325.600 Markus àmmá àmá but conj but... sayb001.104 325.680 329.280 Yabani 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc gò gó TOP part màhwáarí mà- NC4- nc- hwáarí start n 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc tèrẽ́tèrũ̀, tèrẽ́tèrũ̀ long_ago ideo á'à á'à no intj múgwàanùkwà m- 1PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- gwaanukwa understand v -HL -IRR -vtone cé cé NEG neg there start there in.the.beginning, No I wouldn't know sayb001.105 328.760 334.060 Markus tò tò OK intj kàmá kàmá like conj a̋ a̋ LOC prep lóokàcí lóokàcí time n váavù v- AGR8- ag- ávù 2PS.POSS ppro wèné ù- AGR7- ag- èné what question vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop yìní yìní what question yũ̂unà yũu cause v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone hárì, hár until conj ògútù a- 3PP- agp- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n OK like in your time, why even did they go back to Korisino? why 'wene vi'? sayb001.106 334.060 337.260 Markus hárì hár until conj ìdóonù, i- 2PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone hárì hár until conj kòrísìnóo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n kàzámùkwà ka- AGR1- agv- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n from when you lived there until Korisino became Korisino (i.e. how it is today) sayb001.107 337.260 341.920 Yabani tò tò OK intj dòorí dòorí formerly adv é éví 3PS.PRO pro ká'à, ká'à now adv ùdée, *ùdée *** *** dòorí dòorí formerly adv ùdée ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n wűurée wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- ù- NC7- nc- ré town n wí ù- AGR7- ag- ì COP cop OK formerly now it's the settlement of the town udee? sayb001.108 342.540 348.120 Yabani lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem bâa, báa there_is_no neg àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n pâa pâa here loc e̋ a̋ LOC prep rúwé'è, wé'è valley n -PL -PL -pl ǹ... *ǹ... *** *** níyã́a... *níyã́a... *** *** mè..., *mè... *** *** sée sée unless conj gő gó TOP part that time there were no women here in the valley not sure what this means ('in dai' in Hausa) sayb001.109 348.120 350.920 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone áyã̀a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone rìbánà rì- NC3- nc- bánà communal_work n yi̋idá'ũ̀, i̋- AGR3.GEN- aggen- ì- NC3- nc- dá'ũ̀ guineacorn n ákùmbà a- 3PP- agp- kumba climb v -HL -IRR -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep kórísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n they were doing collective work of guineacorn, they would climb the mountain they would still have their own farms, but they would do collective work on each person's farm, a different one each day. This was for ease rather than safety. They would be climbing the mountain every night because there were no houses in the valley. ákùmbùwà or ákùmbà á? sayb001.110 351.480 355.340 Markus ée 'ĩ́i yes intj tò, tò OK intj lápà lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone òkóo òkóo there_exists pres lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art yã̂awànà yãa do v -wa -APPL -appl -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro rùuká rùuká chatting n hyã̂a hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone e OK you know there was a time when you talked to us you said sayb001.111 355.340 361.340 Markus òkóo òkóo there_exists pres lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ìkámànà i- 2PP- agp- kama be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂, 'ũ̂ there loc hárì, hár until conj ìvɔ́ ìvɔ́ 2PS.PRO pro ùnú ù- NC7- nc- nú work n wáavù ù- AGR7- ag- ávù 2PS.POSS ppro kàràhá kà- NC1- nc- ràhá herding n kɔ̋ddɔ̂ ka̋- AGR1.GEN- aggen- CDup- NC8- nc- dɔ̂ horse n kè kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop there was a time you were there even you your work was herding horses There were many horses on top of Korisino mountain in those days. Yabani was a skilled rider and horseman according to Markus sayb001.112 361.340 363.860 Markus ǹ ǹ and conj sáurá sáurá remainder n ví, v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art vi̋irí vi̋- AGR8.GEN- aggen- ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n amongst other of things da sauran wasu abubuwa - my translation is just a guess sayb001.113 364.080 372.700 Yabani á'à á'à no intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem òtú òtù 1PP.PRO pro tíità ti- 1PP- agp- ita sate v -LHL -RLS -vtone únú, ù- NC7- nc- nú work n íyàaká, íyàaká limit n kàràhá kà- NC1- nc- ràhá herding n kè, kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop ǹ ǹ and conj kɔ̋ddɔ̂, ka̋- AGR1.GEN- aggen- CDup- NC8- nc- dɔ̂ horse n ǹ ǹ and conj ìnáa, ì- NC3- nc- náa cow n tò tò OK intj no that time we satisfied work it was herding with of horses and cows OK good demonstration of assoc construction where there is a word in between the possessor and the possessed., also with a compound possessor. hiítà cé ùnú wúcìnìyà) - they didn't do farmwork. sayb001.114 372.880 374.980 Markus tò tò OK intj yìní yìní what question yũ̂unà yũu cause v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ìnáhà i- 2PP- agp- naha leave v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc hárì hár until conj ìkúmbà i- 2PP- agp- kumba climb v -LHL -RLS -vtone úrée ù- NC7- nc- ré town n OK why did you leave here (i.e. the valley) even you climbed the town urei? sayb001.115 375.060 377.740 Yabani á'à, á'à no intj pâa pâa here loc lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem lóokàcí lóokàcí time n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop no, here that time was a time of war sayb001.116 377.740 380.940 Yabani yàanú yàanú who question wúudòonù u- 3PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- doonu sit_down v -HL -IRR -vtone ɗô, ɗôo here loc pâa pâa here loc e̋ a̋ LOC prep rúwé'è? wé'è valley n -PL -PL -pl who would stay here, here in the valley? wa zai zauna - Hausa rhetorical question sayb001.117 380.240 383.120 Markus yâuwáa... *yâuwáa... *** *** kí kà- AGR1- ag- ì PRO ncpro kè kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art dâamà... *dâamà... *** *** kánà ká- AGR1- ag- nà ART art lápànà lapa know v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone kí kà- AGR1- ag- ì PRO ncpro kè kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop tìyónò ti- 1PP- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone útà'à ù- NC7- nc- ta'a want v -L -COMPL -ntone tíhèepìyè ti- 1PP- agp- heepiye ask v -HL -IRR -vtone vù vù 2PS.SG pro fine it's that which formerly, that which you know it's that we are wanting to ask you daama is Hausa for formerly abin da dama ka sani shi ne za mu tambaye ka sayb001.118 384.000 388.280 Yabani lóokàcí lóokàcí time n àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone vù vù 2PS.SG pro pâa, pâa here loc màhwáarí mà- NC4- nc- hwáarí start n pûm pûm long_ago ideo pûm, pûm long_ago ideo víndà v- 2PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone gó gó TOP part when they told you this, the start long ago you see long p seems clear pum pum is like terentere sayb001.119 388.280 391.480 Yabani tùhwáarà ti- 1PP- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'índè 'índè there loc rùkùntûu..., *rùkùntûu... *** *** kàbíkkà kà- NC1- nc- búkkà shelter n kè kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop we started there at Rukuntu it was a shelter they didn't build permanent houses because of the war sayb001.120 391.480 394.460 Yabani ǹ ǹ and conj tìyã́a ti- 1PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùnú, ù- NC7- nc- nú work n báa báa there_is_no neg àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n óttì, òtù 1PP.PRO pro when we did work there were no women, it was (just) us muna yin aiki = imperfective sayb001.121 394.460 396.880 Yabani ǹ ǹ and conj kùyɔ́'ú kù- NC9- nc- yɔ́'ú flour n kùkɔ́tɔ̀ ku- AGR9- agv- kɔtɔ finish v -LHL -RLS -vtone túuyòo ti- 1PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- yoo go v -HL -IRR -vtone tíkàbànà ti- 1PP- agp- kaba take v -na -VENT -vent -HL -IRR -vtone kùyɔ́'ú kù- NC9- nc- yɔ́'ú flour n a̋ a̋ LOC prep úrée ù- NC7- nc- ré town n when the flour finished we would go and bring flour from the mountain when Yabani was a child the woman all lived on the mountain because of the war sayb001.122 396.880 402.920 Yabani ǹ ǹ and conj kùyɔ́'ú kù- NC9- nc- yɔ́'ú flour n kùkɔ́tɔ̀, ku- AGR9- agv- kɔtɔ finish v -LHL -RLS -vtone sée sée unless conj ǹ ǹ and conj tíhìyà, ti- 1PP- agp- hiya grind v -HL -IRR -vtone tò tò OK intj zúwà... *zúwà... *** *** zúwà... *zúwà... *** *** zúwà... *zúwà... *** *** zúwà... *zúwà... *** *** dáɗà dá'à moreover adv hárì hár until conj when the flour finished, we had to grind OK coming coming coming coming until This means a lot of time passing. 'zuwa' is Hausa for coming The men made tuwo in the valley The ku- on kukɔtɔ is actually high-tone, presumably low-tone underlyingly sayb001.123 402.920 408.420 Yabani rúumá, rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì'wâa, i- AGR3- agv- 'waa pass v -LHL -RLS -vtone dá'à dá'à moreover adv hárì, hár until conj àhwáarà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdée ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n ǹ ǹ and conj àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n war, war it passed, until they started living with the women sayb001.124 409.180 417.060 Markus tò tò OK intj àmáa, àmá but conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yínà, ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art lápà lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone rúumái rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n -PL -PL -pl ìvɔ́ ìvɔ́ 2PS.PRO pro lápà lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone âi? âi assent intj lápà lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg kóo? kóo or conj OK but the time when they were doing the war, did you know the time they were doing wars, did you know? you didn't know? sayb001.125 417.060 419.660 Yabani á'à á'à no intj ǹlápà m- 1PS- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg lóokàcín... *lóokàcín... *** *** rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n no I didn't know the time of war it was before his time, or possibly he was only a small child at the time.Yabani's generation were born on the mountain, they didn't want to leave their parents. It seems their parents didn't move back down to the valley immediately after the war was over. -n suffix I think is Hausa sayb001.126 419.540 421.840 Markus tò tò OK intj àmáa àmá but conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ìyónò i- 2PP- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úyã̀a ù- NC7- nc- yãa do v -L -COMPL -ntone únú ù- NC7- nc- nú work n pâa pâa here loc báa báa there_is_no neg àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n pâa pâa here loc OK but when you were working here there were no women here, sayb001.127 421.840 423.780 Markus àdámùwà a- 3PP- agp- dama tell v -wa -APPL -appl -LHL -RLS -vtone cè cé NEG neg àzá, à- NC2- nc- zá person n àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hànú hànú where question hé ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop òyónò a- 3PP- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úyã̀a ù- NC7- nc- yãa do v -L -COMPL -ntone rúumái rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n -PL -PL -pl they didn't tell (you) people people where they were from who were doing wars? tone on ce? sayb001.128 423.920 426.740 Yabani á'à, á'à no intj àmù àmù 1PS.PRO pro ǹlápà m- 1PS- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé, cé NEG neg lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem No me I don't know that time sayb001.129 425.720 426.680 Markus wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part gó gó TOP part that is to say sayb001.130 426.740 428.440 Yabani lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem ótù òtù 1PP.PRO pro gó gó TOP part báa báa there_is_no neg ùlápání ù- NC7- nc- lapa know v -ni -NMLZ -nom that time we there is not knowledge búulàpànnì why long n? sayb001.131 428.680 433.220 Markus ùzámùkwà, u- 3PS- agp- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdée ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n wűkórísìnôo wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop yìyũ̂unà i- AGR3- agv- yũu cause v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone hárì hár until conj àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n àgútù a- 3PP- agp- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc concerning the settlement of Korisino it's war that is why even people went back there. Timescale: People started off just living in Korisino, then they spread out to the valley, then during the war they moved back to Korisino, now they have spread out again. sayb001.132 433.040 434.600 Yabani xxx *xxx *** *** tò tò OK intj OK! sayb001.133 433.860 434.560 Markus àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hàsúmà ha- AGR2- agv- sima run v -LHL -RLS -vtone people ran They fled up to the mountain It's impossible to decide between gender and person agreement here because of the elision sayb001.134 435.140 436.240 Markus àgútù a- 3PP- agp- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc ǹ ǹ and conj ùdẽ́i ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n they resettled there sayb001.135 435.180 436.060 Yabani ká'à ká'à now adv báa báa there_is_no neg no there's no... sayb001.136 437.420 441.340 Yabani àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n yôo yoo go v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc kòrísìnôo, kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n tò tò OK intj ǹ ǹ and conj ùdẽ́i ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part lóokàcí lóokàcí time n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yíllè ì- AGR3- ag- llè that dem people went there Korisino OK with settlement at the time of war sayb001.137 441.340 444.140 Yabani tò tò OK intj kúmá, kùmà more quant ká'à ká'à now adv híndè híndè like_this adv pâa pâa here loc ùnú ù- NC7- nc- nú work n wì ù- AGR7- ag- ì COP cop gó gó TOP part OK now like this here (in the valley) it was work yanzu nan dai haka aiki ne dai - i.e. this present time there is work here (valley) sayb001.138 444.540 447.740 Yabani ánà ánà when conj rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art yìhwáarànà i- AGR3- agv- hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úyã̀a ù- NC7- nc- yãa do v -L -COMPL -ntone sóokí, sóokí reduction n címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv címmã̀i címmã̀i little adv when the war had started reducing, slowly sayb001.139 447.740 449.500 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhwáarà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdẽ́i ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n ǹ ǹ and conj àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n they started living with the women sayb001.140 449.640 450.520 Markus tò tò OK intj sayb001.141 450.180 453.620 Yabani tò, tò OK intj dòorí dòorí formerly adv pâa, pâa here loc sée sée unless conj gó, gó TOP part sée sée unless conj gó gó TOP part háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone áyã̀a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone únú, ù- NC7- nc- nú work n ógìtù a- 3PP- agp- gitu go_back v -HL -IRR -vtone formerly (i.e. during the time of war) here they came to work, they would go back Not sure of verb tones here. sayb001.142 456.980 465.400 Markus tò tò OK intj kàmá kàmá like conj òttú òtù 1PP.PRO pro túuwà ti- 1PP- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone kànàbáyì kà- NC1- nc- nàbáyì news n àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art wwɔ́mɔ́ CDup- NC8- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n kkòrísìnôo CDup- NC8- nc- kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n põ̂ põ̂ all quant vínà vì- AGR8- ag- nà ART art hwáarànà hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK like us we heard story they said the time the Womo of all Korisino who started i.e. the first chief ottu uwa, ottu tuwa not acceptable here... does vina relate to the chief? òttúuwà, note prenasalisation before korisino, caused by underlyingly non-nasal vowel? sayb001.143 466.080 467.280 Markus àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone wà wà that comp rísìnôo rísìnôo Karishen_person n cè cé NEG neg they said that he wasn't a Risino Apparently either high or low tone acceptable on ce. Not sure how much credence to give these kind of judgments... The chief of Dotti said the first chief was a Hausa. sayb001.144 467.760 471.040 Yabani á'à, á'à no intj òttú òtù 1PP.PRO pro ká'à ká'à now adv àmú, àmù 1PS.PRO pro ká'à ká'à now adv àmú, àmù 1PS.PRO pro múuhyã̀a m- 1PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- hyãa say v -HL -IRR -vtone ǹlápà m- 1PS- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg dáidái dáidái correctness adv no us now me me I would say I don't know right sayb001.145 470.560 471.800 Markus vúulàpà v- 2PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- lapa know v -HL -IRR -vtone cè cé NEG neg kéllè? kà- AGR1- ag- llè that dem you wouldn't know that? Neutral agreement with ag1 low tone ce sayb001.146 471.420 472.460 Yabani á'à á'à no intj no sayb001.147 475.840 477.720 Yabani tò tò OK intj wàtò wàtò that_is_to_say part ùzámùkwà u- 3PS- agp- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n OK so regarding Korisino second vowel in waaton is very close to schwa ya zama Korisino sayb001.148 478.600 481.900 Markus ùhwáarà ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v wűkè, wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- kà- AGR1- ag- ì PRO ncpro hárì hár until conj kàyã̂a ka- AGR1- agv- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ínì, 'ínì like_that adv rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop the start of it, until it (Korisino) did like that, it was war i.e. there were many people there on the hill at Korisino because of the war mahwaari could have been used instead of uhwaara Anaphoric gender subject agreement sayb001.149 482.240 484.080 Yabani lóokàcí lóokàcí time n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop it's the time of war sayb001.150 483.800 484.880 Markus ée, 'ĩ́i yes intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop yes, it's the time of war check copulas sayb001.151 485.000 488.100 Yabani wàtò wàtò that_is_to_say part múuwà m- 1PS- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ánà 'ánà some.pl quant àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hè, ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop ánà ánà when conj húutònnò a- 3PP- agp- uto rise v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone so I heard it said there were some people, when they came out sayb001.152 488.100 489.160 Yabani wà wà that comp háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone rùwé'è rì- NC3- nc- wé'è valley n yi̋cítã́i i̋- AGR3.GEN- aggen- tì- NC6- nc- tã́i shooting n (it was said) that they came to hunting grounds sayb001.153 490.600 494.080 Yabani èrè éré 3PP.PRO pro kúmá, kùmà more quant òyúu a- 3PP- agp- yuu CONT aux -LHL -RLS -vtone bɔ̀lɔ̀ bɔlɔ look_for v -L -L -INF -vtone zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art põ̂ põ̂ all quant and they were looking for anyone pon seems to mean 'any' here rather than 'every' sayb001.154 494.080 495.700 Yabani ǹ ǹ and conj híndà a- 3PP- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone zzá, CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n sée sée unless conj áhùnà a- 3PP- agp- huna kill v -HL -IRR -vtone when they saw someone they had to kill them sayb001.155 496.520 500.660 Yabani tò tò OK intj émpè émpè this pro wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùkúmbànà, u- 3PS- agp- kumba climb v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc ő a̋ LOC prep kúcípù, kù- NC9- nc- cípù Kucipu n a̋ a̋ LOC prep kángù kángù Kangu n OK that one climbed up there to Kucipu... to Kangu Kucipu is an error. Both are villages on Korisino mountain. sayb001.156 501.340 504.700 Yabani émpè émpè this pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádáadà, kà- NC1- nc- dáadà court n àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem wà wà that comp àtáwã́ à- NC2- nc- táwã́ hunter n hè ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop that one one person to Kadaada the people there (it was said) that they were hunters Kadaada is the place where the Womo lives (also mataari is the place where the Magaji lived - the Galadima hamlet on top). sayb001.157 505.520 507.080 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone híndà a- 3PP- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone gó gó TOP part sáwà... *sáwà... *** *** 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art they saw it was a good place the place sawa (sa'awa) is Hausa - a good place (wurin yana da kyau) ásūːnà sayb001.158 507.400 513.440 Yabani kúmá, kùmà more quant xxx, télètélè émpè zzá ttò wáyà ùhyã̂a kâiǃ 'ásù wúmpà *xxx, *** *** télètélè long_ago ideo émpè this pro CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone kâi excl intj 'ásù place n wú- AGR7- ag- mpà this dem 'ásù 'ásù place n ùdée ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n wì ù- AGR7- ag- ì COP cop and long ago that one one person he said kai! this place is a place to stay sayb001.159 513.440 515.419 Yabani òkóo òkóo there_exists pres 'álìjìní 'álìjìní spirit n ǹ ǹ and conj kùpílù kù- NC9- nc- pílù many n There were many spirits Okiso spirits. sayb001.160 516.620 519.500 Yabani tò tò OK intj háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone dá'à dá'à moreover adv zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj dóonù doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádísà kà- NC1- nc- dísà Kadisa n OK they said one person stayed at Kadisa there is no 'u' before doonu here. tone on da'a? sayb001.161 519.500 525.440 Yabani zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj dóonù doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep kángù, kángù Kangu n ǹ ǹ and conj kàdáadà kà- NC1- nc- dáadà court n èré éré 3PP.PRO pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n táatù tâatù three num one person stayed there at Kangu and Kadada they were three people These people climbed the mountain before there were any Acipu there. sayb001.162 525.440 527.740 Yabani tò, tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop OK it was the time of war sayb001.163 527.940 532.180 Markus tò tò OK intj àmáa àmá but conj àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art hútònnò a- 3PP- agp- uto rise v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹkácí m̀- NC5- nc- kácí hunting n nnà, m- AGR5- ag- nà ART art ìlápà i- 2PP- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg ùrée ù- NC7- nc- ré town n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art hútònnò? a- 3PP- agp- uto rise v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK but the people the people who went out the hunting, you don't know the town they went out from? nna could also be mina after inkaci sayb001.164 533.680 535.240 Yabani òttú òtù 1PP.PRO pro òyú a- 3PP- agp- yuu CONT aux -LHL -RLS -vtone nɔ̀ɔ nɔɔ give v -L -INF -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro táaɗì... *táaɗì... *** *** hwà hwà TOP part us, they were giving us a story taad'i is 8/3 and Hausa. I think YG means he doesn't know because that's the way the story was told to him sayb001.165 535.660 541.820 Markus ẽ̀hẽ̂eǃ ẽ̀hẽ̂e fine intj tò, tò OK intj tò tò OK intj kàmá, kàmá like conj ánà ánà when conj àdóonùnnà a- 3PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK when they settled long n? sayb001.166 542.280 545.020 Markus dègèlée dègèlée then conj vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop àhwáarànà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ùcíyò ù- NC7- nc- tiyo get v òcípù à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n kóo? kóo or conj it was from then they started getting Acipu or? Or is this 'go' at the end? sayb001.167 546.560 550.320 Yabani á'àǃ á'à no intj tò tò OK intj wà wà that comp kká CDup- NC8- nc- ká woman n vítò vì- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj põ̂ põ̂ all quant põ̂ põ̂ all quant põ̂ põ̂ all quant põ̂ põ̂ all quant põ̂ põ̂ all quant põ̂ põ̂ all quant no! OK (it was said) that one woman was all sayb001.168 550.320 553.900 Yabani ánà ánà when conj kká CDup- NC8- nc- ká woman n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem mátà mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep úyáa ù- NC7- nc- yáa road n ??? *??? *** *** úm'ùm... *úm'ùm... *** *** when that women gave birth on the road. I don't think they intended to go to Korisino, they intended to go somewhere else sayb001.169 554.440 556.460 Yabani tídùkwà ti- 1PP- agp- dukwa go v -HL -IRR -vtone ìndúu ìndúu here_is pres tíndànà ti- 1PP- agp- inda see v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n ùdẽ́i ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n [the hunters said] let's go we have seen a place to stay induu here seems to assert the truth of a proposition rather than the existence of an entity. sayb001.170 556.560 558.900 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone èvì éví 3PS.PRO pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj kúmbànà kumba climb v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádáadà kà- NC1- nc- dáadà court n they came he alone climbed there at Kadaada I think he went with his wife I'm not sure if the -na here is aspect, or directional sayb001.171 559.180 561.560 Yabani zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj a̋ a̋ LOC prep kángù, kángù Kangu n zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj 'índè, 'índè there loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádísà kà- NC1- nc- dísà Kadisa n one person at Kangu, one person there at Kadisa sayb001.172 562.360 565.000 Yabani tò tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj mɔ́ɔ mɔ́ɔ child n méllè mà- AGR4- ag- llè that dem mà'ísùwànà ma- AGR4- agv- 'isuwa grow_up v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone méngétìká mà- NC4- nc- ngétìkkáa young_girl n mé m- AGR4- ag- ì COP cop OK when that child grew up (or does it mean left home?) left home it was a young girl is isuwana an intransitive form of isa(nu) (stand)? sayb001.173 565.080 568.040 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àcâa a- 3PP- agp- caa give v -LHL -RLS -vtone zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n kkádìsá... *kkádìsá... *** *** cì'ítàní tì- NC6- nc- 'ítàní marriage n they gave (her) the man of Kadisa wedding Why HLH pattern on Kadisa? note long agreement in assoc sayb001.174 568.040 569.100 Yabani dòorí dòorí formerly adv ɗà ɗà have aux cé cé NEG neg kká CDup- NC8- nc- ká woman n formerly they didn't have a woman. they? he? sayb001.175 569.800 573.860 Yabani tò tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj àcâa a- 3PP- agp- caa give v -LHL -RLS -vtone cì'ítàní tì- NC6- nc- 'ítàní marriage n dá'à dá'à moreover adv sànnú sànnú slowly intj sànnú sànnú slowly intj sànnú sànnú slowly intj hárì hár until conj ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art yìwáalùkwà i- AGR3- agv- waalukwa spread_out v -LHL -RLS -vtone põ̂ põ̂ all quant OK when they gave wedding slowly slowly slowly until things spread out went all until the place was full. I think waalu (Hausa) means something like spread out, or cover. the iriina refers to the people who spread out, azaana would also be acceptable here. sayb001.176 574.560 577.220 Yabani tò tò OK intj dègèlée, dègèlée then conj ùdée ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n wù'ɔ́pɔ̀ u- AGR7- agv- 'ɔpɔ hold v -LHL -RLS -vtone Ok then the settlement took off 'it was successful', or perhaps 'it started' sayb001.177 577.640 580.680 Markus dègèlée dègèlée then conj háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone òcíyù a- 3PP- agp- ciyu collect v -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro óttú òtù 1PP.PRO pro òcípù à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n they collected us Acipu Not sure of tone on 'ottu ocipu' ócìpù sayb001.178 579.980 580.700 Yabani mmmm... *mmmm... *** *** mmmm... sayb001.179 580.680 581.520 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.180 580.840 583.940 Yabani tò, tò OK intj tò tò OK intj àcípù à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n pâa pâa here loc ví v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop yáawòyáawò... *yáawòyáawò... *** *** hwaa... *hwaa... *** *** OK OK Acipu here are newcomers definitely hwaa is fa (means 'definitely' in Hausa) sayb001.181 585.580 588.280 Markus tò tò OK intj àmú àmù 1PS.PRO pro múuwà m- 1PS- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone wà, wà that comp àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art háyànà a- 3PP- agp- aya come v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádísà kà- NC1- nc- dísà Kadisa n OK I heard they said that the people who came to Kadisa amuwa is short for amu muwa sayb001.182 588.900 591.420 Markus wà wà that comp àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art kàcíinà, kà- NC1- nc- cíinà Kaciina n hútònò a- 3PP- agp- uto rise v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone that the people of Kacina come from sayb001.183 592.080 595.560 Markus wà wà that comp éllè éllè that_one pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n kkádìsà... *kkádìsà... *** *** wútònò, u- 3PS- agp- uto rise v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone kàsínàa... *kàsínàa... *** *** that one of Kadisa came from Katsina Possible long k in kkadisa sayb001.184 596.280 598.140 Yabani tò, tò OK intj òttù, òtù 1PP.PRO pro tìlápà ti- 1PP- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg dáidái dáidái correctness adv OK we we don't know exactly sayb001.185 597.160 601.040 Markus tò tò OK intj éllè, éllè that_one pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art dóonù doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone kúmá kùmà more quant a̋ a̋ LOC prep kángù, kángù Kangu n wà wà that comp kɔ́gɔ́ kɔ́gɔ́ Hausa_person n vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop OK him the one who lived at Kangu that he was a Hausa. Why no -na prefix on doonu? sayb001.186 601.860 603.220 Markus sáa sáa or conj ǹ ǹ and conj ùyónò u- 3PS- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone kàsínà... *kàsínà... *** *** vésì vésì too adv ɔ̀kɔ́gɔ́ à- NC2- nc- kɔ́gɔ́ Hausa_person n hè ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop and he from Kasina too they were Hausas Could this be 'zza nna uyono Kasina'? sayb001.187 603.680 610.780 Markus tò tò OK intj àmáa, àmá but conj kàmá kàmá like conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà, CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art èrè éré 3PP.PRO pro òdóonùnà a- 3PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK but like when they lived sayb001.188 610.780 616.900 Markus ǹ ǹ and conj àcâa a- 3PP- agp- caa give v -LHL -RLS -vtone ɗò ɗò 2PP.PRO pro táɗì... *táɗì... *** *** nnà, CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art èrè éré 3PP.PRO pro òdóonùnnà, a- 3PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n when they told you (pl) the story, the time they stayed, that time, Korisino ɗo is actually ɗi here... sayb001.189 618.420 621.060 Markus húuhyã̀a a- 3PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- hyãa say v -HL -IRR -vtone gó gó TOP part báa báa there_is_no neg àcípù, à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n a̋ a̋ LOC prep úkúmbà ù- NC7- nc- kumba climb v 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc would they say there were no Acipawa's up there? This is very rapid and unclear - 'a ukumba' is my guess sayb001.190 619.860 622.640 Yabani á'à á'à no intj báa báa there_is_no neg àcípù à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n sée sée unless conj zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj no no Acipu apart from very few sayb001.191 622.080 622.700 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.192 623.060 624.840 Yabani ánà ánà when conj àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n põ̂ põ̂ all quant òmódó à- NC2- nc- módó slave n hè ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop ɔ̀'ɔ́pɔ̀nnɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone some people slaves they took Some Acipawas were taking slaves. OSV word order - Markus said the alternative (without the copula) SVO would have been acceptable. Object fronting, but not argument focus - this is predicate focus. sayb001.193 625.620 628.640 Yabani ń ń if conj ǹ ǹ and conj àtásà a- 3PP- agp- tasa meet v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n a̋ a̋ LOC prep úyáa, ù- NC7- nc- yáa road n sée sée unless conj ɔ́'ɔ̀pɔ̀nɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -na -VENT -vent -HL -IRR -vtone if they met with people on the road they would catch them uyaa is not recognised as á ùyàa but perhaps this is a historical derivation. Synchronically is this a case marked by tone? sayb001.194 628.860 629.740 Markus à'ɔ́pɔ̀nɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone kómódó kà- NC1- nc- módó slave n they took in a slave the people at Kadada took a slave sayb001.195 629.660 630.260 Yabani mmm... *mmm... *** *** hmmm... sayb001.196 630.200 631.120 Markus zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ùyã̂awà u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -wa -APPL -appl -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro únú ù- NC7- nc- nú work n a person who did for them work unidentifiable referent - does this mean nna cannot be equated with the definite article? person ag in relative clause relative_person_agreement sayb001.197 632.840 639.660 Yabani ée, 'ĩ́i yes intj tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n kàm, kàm definitely ideo ò... *ò... *** *** báa báa there_is_no neg àcípù, à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n sòsái, sòsâi indeed adv sée sée unless conj zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj OK it was the time of war definiteley yes, there were no Acipu, just very few 'o' is yes or no? sayb001.198 640.540 644.340 Markus tò tò OK intj àmáa, àmá but conj ìtáɓùkwà i- 2PP- agp- taɓukwa once v -LHL -RLS -vtone OK but...you (pl) once sayb001.199 644.340 646.320 Markus ìdámùwà i- 2PP- agp- dama tell v -wa -APPL -appl -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro ìhyã̂a i- 2PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone àkwái òkóo there_exists pres rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art ìyã̂anà i- 2PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone you (pl) told us you said there was a war which you did sayb001.200 646.780 648.220 Markus Nàgwámácì... *Nàgwámácì... *** *** víKɔntagura... *víKɔntagura... *** *** with Nagwamatse of Kontagora a Fulani emir of Kontagora, a notorious slave trader sayb001.201 648.360 649.240 Yabani èré éré 3PP.PRO pro gó gó TOP part It was them I think this means the Acipawa he was talking about before, they fought Nagwamatse sayb001.202 649.480 651.720 Markus kàmá kàmá like conj àcípù? à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n like Acipu he's asking were the ones who fought Nagwamtse Acipu? A lot of hesitation here sayb001.203 651.480 652.940 Yabani àcípù à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n Acipu sayb001.204 652.700 655.840 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yíllè, ì- AGR3- ag- llè that dem lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem ví, v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n àsúmànà a- 3PP- agp- sima run v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK when they did that war, it was that time, the people fled sumana - directional or aspect -na? sayb001.205 655.860 658.220 Markus sáa sáa or conj hínà hínà TOP part gó gó TOP part rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yí'ũ̂ ì- AGR3- ag- 'ũ̂ there loc yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop or was the war very distant? Stuttering Far deictic used temporally sayb001.206 658.220 661.600 Yabani àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè, hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n bâa, báa there_is_no neg lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem báa báa there_is_no neg àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n sòsái sòsâi indeed adv those people, those people, it was not that time, there were not many people I think he means that those who settled Korisino, they were few in number and it was a long time before Nagwamatse sayb001.207 661.590 662.480 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.208 661.600 665.480 Yabani sée sée unless conj zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj ttò, CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj éré éré 3PP.PRO pro nà nà FOC part òyónò a- 3PP- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone érè éré 3PP.PRO pro àmúmátúwí à- NC2- nc- mátúwíi magician? n nà nà FOC part just a few people, them, they had special power su ne haifafun - they were wizards? are these /na/'s the article? - would mumatuwi hana explain the /e/ (coalescence?) àmúmátúwée sayb001.209 665.560 666.160 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.210 666.340 668.680 Yabani éllè éllè that_one pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n ttò CDup- AGR8- ag- tò one numadj màa... *màa... *** *** sá'à sá'à time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art wà wà that comp ánà ánà when conj ùkôonò u- 3PS- agp- koo die v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone that person... it is said when he died After some reflection, Markus agreed that the wa here meant cewa (that). He did not die in the war, it was a natural death. Is the 'ma' here Hausa? New topic - 'that person' seems to be used as recognitional deixis? wa? sayb001.211 668.680 670.260 Yabani lêe lêe there loc vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop a̋ a̋ LOC prep útáarí ù- NC7- nc- táarí stone n ùpénêu ù- AGR7- ag- pénêu large adj it was there at the big flat stony place sayb001.212 670.340 671.100 Markus àcídònùnà a- 3PP- agp- ciɗonu bury v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro they buried him d or ɗ? sayb001.213 671.160 674.780 Yabani sáa sáa or conj ká'à ká'à now adv lêe lêe there loc mè-ìrímpà mà- NC4- nc- ì- NC3- nc- rímpà this_thing n mè m- AGR4- ag- ì COP cop lêe lêe there loc even now there that small thing is there hari yanzu d'an wani abu na nan sayb001.214 674.800 676.160 Markus 'ɔ̀sɔ́nì 'ɔ̀sɔ́ní near adv 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art kɔ̀kkɔ̂ɔ kà- NC1- nc- kɔ̀kɔ́p drum_k.o. n sìdóonù si- HAB- asp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone near the place the drum sits? check kɔkkɔɔ sayb001.215 676.180 677.280 Yabani ò'íi ò'íi yes intj yes sayb001.216 677.300 678.880 Markus ò'óosònù a- 3PP- agp- 'oosonu show v -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art they showed us the place sayb001.217 678.840 680.560 Yabani tò, tò OK intj dègèlée dègèlée then conj shí... *shí... *** *** kè... *kè... *** *** nàn... *nàn... *** *** OK then that was it shi ke nan = 'that's that' in Hausa sayb001.218 680.560 683.620 Yabani ùhyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj èví éví 3PS.PRO pro sáa sáa or conj ùkôo u- 3PS- agp- koo die v -LHL -RLS -vtone kôo koo die v àcé àcé don't proh ícìdònù i- 2PP- agp- ciɗonu bury v -HL -IRR -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro a̋ a̋ LOC prep íɗáa ì- NC3- nc- ɗáa ground n he said OK him even when he dies don't you bury him in the ground I'm not sure of the i- prefix on cidonu àcé is a prohibitive sayb001.219 683.620 686.620 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe, lêe there loc àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj húuhìnò a- 3PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- hino dig v -HL -IRR -vtone útáarí ù- NC7- nc- táarí stone n tèné? tì- AGR6- ag- èné what question they came there they said OK how will they dig through stone? Is 'haya lee' correct here? sayb001.220 686.760 688.840 Yabani tò tò OK intj kwákúllè kwákúllè that_day adv dá'à dá'à moreover adv ánà ánà when conj ùkôonò u- 3PS- agp- koo die v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone shí... *shí... *** *** kè... *kè... *** *** nán... *nán... *** *** OK that day when he died shi ke nan = 'that's that' in Hausa sayb001.221 688.840 692.520 Yabani ánà ánà when conj gó gó TOP part háyànnà, a- 3PP- agp- aya come v -n -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kádámá, kà- NC1- nc- dámá word n híndà a- 3PP- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art when they went they talked they saw the place really long n in hayanna? háyànnà sayb001.222 692.600 694.300 Markus ùyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone tínà tì- AGR6- ag- nà ART art ùnóo ù- NC7- nc- nóo mouth n wűrúpɔ̃́ɔ wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- rì- NC3- nc- pɔ̃́ɔ granary n wùsìyã̂a u- AGR7- agv- si- HAB- asp- yãa do v it does how the mouth of a granary does This is referring to a round section of the stone that was magically cut away allowing them to bury the body. sayb001.223 694.320 696.160 Yabani mádàllá...ǃ *mádàllá... *** *** ùyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone it did madalla = Hausa for 'praise God!' person or gender agreement? sayb001.224 696.160 697.840 Markus léllé léllé indeed adv àcáa a- 3PP- agp- caa give v -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro kànàbáyì kà- NC1- nc- nàbáyì news n àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone àkwái òkóo there_exists pres right there they gave us story they said there was... sayb001.225 697.420 700.220 Yabani kàtáarí kà- NC1- nc- táarí stone n kámpà kà- AGR1- ag- mpà this dem káyà ka- AGR1- agv- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone kúutò kà- AGR1- ag- uto rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone ánà ánà when conj kàválà kà- NC1- nc- válà flat_stone n híndè híndè like_this adv this stone came out like the flat stone there was he pointing to a flat stone at the time? sayb001.226 700.240 704.900 Yabani tò tò OK intj dègèlée dègèlée then conj shí... *shí... *** *** kè... *kè... *** *** nán... *nán... *** *** dègè ánà dègè ánà then conj ɔ̀tɔ́pùnɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- tɔpu put_inside v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone vì, vì 3PS.PRO pro háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj ìrímpìnà... *ìrímpìnà... *** *** ò'úmbònù a- 3PP- agp- 'umbo close v -nu -RES -res -LHL -RLS -vtone OK then they put him inside, they came with something and closed What is the -nA prefix on topu? Not sure of what Yabani says here at the end, v. faint irimpa yina? sayb001.227 704.200 706.440 Markus ɔ̀kɔ́mɔ̀nù a- 3PP- agp- kɔmɔ cover v -nu -RES -res -LHL -RLS -vtone ánà, ánà when conj ánà ánà when conj báa báa there_is_no neg àhínò a- 3PP- agp- hino dig v -LHL -RLS -vtone cè cé NEG neg they covered like they didn't dig komo means s.t like 'cover', like ombonu. Is it really baa? Sounds like maa but this could be the nasal from ana. sayb001.228 706.540 706.960 Yabani cípǃ cíp right ideo That's right! sayb001.229 707.120 708.020 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.230 707.920 711.340 Yabani wà wà that comp 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc xxx cìmé'ĩ̀ tűutáarí nàmá... kùyũ̀yũ̂ kwì àzâanà *xxx *** *** tì- NC6- nc- mé'ĩ̀ inside n ti̋- AGR6.GEN- aggen- ù- NC7- nc- táarí stone n *nàmá... *** *** kù- NC9- nc- yũ̀yũ̂ sand n kù- AGR9- ag- ì COP cop a- 3PP- agp- zaa see v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc járàs járàs wet_and_cold ideo (it was said) that there inside the stone it was sand they saw there, wet and cold There are a few things missing from this - recheck with native speaker. sayb001.231 711.400 711.940 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.232 713.320 714.600 Yabani sòsái sòsâi indeed adv sayb001.233 714.600 717.760 Markus èré éré 3PP.PRO pro nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rúumá, rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n ǹ ǹ and conj nágwámácîi... *nágwámácîi... *** *** vi̋Kɔ̀ntàgùrà... *vi̋Kɔ̀ntàgùrà... *** *** kóo? kóo or conj those who did the war, with Nagwamatse of Kontagora? I guess 'them' refers to the people who buried the magician sayb001.234 717.200 718.000 Yabani érè éré 3PP.PRO pro them sayb001.235 718.760 723.800 Markus dòmĩ́ dòmĩ́ because conj múuwà m- 1PS- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a, a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone àrâa a- 3PP- agp- raa eat v -LHL -RLS -vtone Kɔ́ntágúrà... *Kɔ́ntágúrà... *** *** hárì hár until conj àhúnà a- 3PP- agp- huna kill v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro páttì páttì all quant because I heard they (the Acipu) beat Kontagora, even they killed them all sayb001.236 723.800 724.840 Yabani põ̂ põ̂ all quant hwà hwà TOP part all duka fa sayb001.237 724.380 727.400 Markus sɔ́bɔ̀ sɔ́bɔ̀ because conj dà... *dà... *** *** sáa sáa or conj ká'à ká'à now adv máa máa also part ǹ ǹ and conj ìdɔ́nɔ̀ i- 2PP- agp- dɔnɔ follow v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùyáa ù- NC7- nc- yáa road n wúllè wú- AGR7- ag- llè that dem údùkwà ù- NC7- nc- dukwa go v -L -COMPL -ntone Kámfànìn... *Kámfànìn... *** *** Bóbì... *Bóbì... *** *** because if you follow that road going to Kamfanin Bobi ko yanzu ma Kámfànìn... Bóbì... was said to be a town 'ceelime tiKontagora', i.e. beyond Kontagora near Tegina. Different usage of before to English! sayb001.238 727.400 729.280 Markus vúuyìndà v- 2PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- inda see v -HL -IRR -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art kàríjìyà kà- NC1- nc- ríjìyà well n kánà ká- AGR1- ag- nà ART art ka̋nágwámácîi... *kánàgwàmácìi... *** *** you will see the place the well of Nagwamatse vúu yìndà - a lot of coalescence sayb001.239 729.280 731.080 Markus lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem èví, éví 3PS.PRO pro Kɔ́ntágúrà... *Kɔ́ntágúrà... *** *** nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art that time he was (living in) that very Kontagora sayb001.240 731.080 736.360 Markus yâuwá... *yâuwá... *** *** tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art fine OK when they did the war sayb001.241 736.360 742.600 Markus ánà ánà when conj rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art yìkɔ́tɔ̀nɔ̀, i- AGR3- agv- kɔtɔ finish v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone tò, tò OK intj àcípù à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n ɔ̀'ɔ́pɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè, rè 3PP.PRO pro àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n òmódó à- NC2- nc- módó slave n when the war finished OK Acipu they caught them slaves Markus is asking about the slaves that the Acipawa caught, did they all die in the war? 'azaa omodoo' seems to be an attributive NP + NP referring to the Acipu. Is it one of the arguments of opo? sayb001.242 742.600 747.920 Markus sáa sáa or conj hínà hínà TOP part gó, gó TOP part àzá'índè, àzá'índè those dem èrè éré 3PP.PRO pro kôo kôo death n kôo kôo death n gàbáɗáyá... *gàbáɗáyá... *** *** dègèlée dègèlée then conj àcípù à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone òyôo, a- 3PP- agp- yoo go v -LHL -RLS -vtone à'wáa a- 3PP- agp- 'waa pass v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj ùdée ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art or those ones, they died completely or from there Acipu came and went with settlement the place [i.e. were there completely new settlers after the war?] oyo = sun je, okooko = sun mutu, I think redup because everyone died, or perhaps because many people this question is a rhetorical device by Markus (I think he knows the answer) sayb001.243 747.920 749.560 Yabani àzá, à- NC2- nc- zá person n àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hwáarì hwáarí start n sũ̀? sṹ question question the first people? na farko sayb001.244 749.280 749.960 Markus àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hwáarì hwáarí start n the first people sayb001.245 749.960 753.520 Yabani àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hwáarì hwáarí start n àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yínà, ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art ánà ánà when conj ázá à- NC2- nc- zá person n põ̂ põ̂ all quant òkôolò a- 3PP- agp- koo die v -LHL -RLS -vtone -il- -PLAC- -plac- kôolò koo die v -il- -PLAC- -plac- the first people the people who did the war, some people (all) were dying Some died, not all - so why 'all'? sayb001.246 753.520 759.560 Yabani áa.. *áa.. *** *** tò tò OK intj dègè ánà dègè ánà then conj òyónò a- 3PP- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone úmàtà, ù- NC7- nc- mata give_birth v -L -COMPL -ntone âi âi assent intj sàbílì sàbílì because_of prep? 'ínì 'ínì like_that adv ví v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop àyáɗùkwànà, a- 3PP- agp- yaɗukwa spread_out v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone hárì hár until conj àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kùpílù kù- NC9- nc- pílù many n from there they were giving birth, because of that they spread out, until they were many sayb001.247 760.000 761.090 Markus ẽ̀hẽ̂eǃ ẽ̀hẽ̂e fine intj kí kà- AGR1- ag- ì PRO ncpro kè kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop ǹhyã̂anà m- 1PS- agp- hyãa say v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone eh-heh! that's what I said sayb001.248 761.090 764.080 Yabani ánà ánà when conj rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì'wáanà, i- AGR3- agv- 'waa pass v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone sée sée unless conj ánà ánà when conj rúumá rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n yì'wáanà i- AGR3- agv- 'waa pass v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone hwá hwá definitely part when the war passed, until the war passed. hwa is Hausa (for 'definitely'?) yí'wáanà - high tone ag3 in both places sayb001.249 764.960 768.440 Markus tò tò OK intj ǹhyã̂a m- 1PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone kí kà- AGR1- ag- ì PRO ncpro kè kà- AGR1- ag- ì COP cop nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art wàtõ̀, wàtò that_is_to_say part ùhwáarà u- 3PS- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art àdóonùnànà a- 3PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -na -VENT -vent -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK I said that was, the starting of those people, the people who settled in note mixed agreement on ki ke nna. sayb001.250 768.440 769.680 Markus àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n hánà hà- AGR2- ag- nà ART art àhwáarà a- 3PP- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone èrè éré 3PP.PRO pro àtáwã́ à- NC2- nc- táwã́ hunter n hè ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop the people who started, it was said they were hunters To recap: the hunters who started Korisino, that was long before the war with Nagwamaci why no -na suffix on hwaara? sayb001.251 769.680 773.480 Markus ùhwáarà ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v wőocípù wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n wùlêe, ù- AGR7- ag- lêe there loc ùhwáarà ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v wőocípù wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n wùlêe ù- AGR7- ag- lêe there loc that is the start of the Acipu, that is the start of the Acipu The wu- prefix is not audible as I guess it is swallowed up. Markus wrote it down though sayb001.252 772.600 774.000 Yabani ùhwáarà ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v wa̋acípù wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n wùlêe ù- AGR7- ag- lêe there loc that is the start of the Acipu sayb001.253 774.000 777.360 Yabani èvì éví 3PS.PRO pro émpè émpè this pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n kkàdísà, CDup- AGR8- ag- kà- AGR1- ag- dísà Kadisa n tò tò OK intj wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part xxx *xxx *** *** he that one the man of Kadisa OK Note ag8 agreement on kadisa sayb001.254 777.360 779.720 Yabani kàmá kàmá like conj gó gó TOP part zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop ǹ ǹ and conj mmácì CDup- NC8- nc- mácì friend n véevì, v- AGR8- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro àtásà a- 3PP- agp- tasa meet v -LHL -RLS -vtone tásà tasa meet v the man and his friend, they met (a lot) Why not ni- before mmaci? sayb001.255 780.200 785.840 Yabani wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùhyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj wáanì..., *wáanì... *** *** ùrée ù- NC7- nc- ré town n wúmpà, wú- AGR7- ag- mpà this dem kùsã́a kù- NC9- nc- sã́a mountain n kúmpà kù- AGR9- ag- mpà this dem àkwái òkóo there_exists pres 'álìjìní, 'álìjìní spirit n kúmá kùmà more quant he said OK "Friend, this town, this mountain, there are spirits and sayb001.256 785.920 789.440 Yabani 'álìjìní 'álìjìní spirit n yímpà ì- AGR3- ag- mpà this dem ń ń if conj tìdóonù ti- 1PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -LHL -RLS -vtone pâa pâa here loc túuyã̀a ti- 1PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone àmhwáanì... *àmhwáanì... *** *** ǹ ǹ and conj èrè éré 3PP.PRO pro if we stay here we will make an agreement with them amfani = benefit, or agreement in Hausa 'aljini singular or plural? sayb001.257 789.440 791.960 Yabani ká'à ká'à now adv lêe lêe there loc põ̂ põ̂ all quant 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art àsíyã̀a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yãa do v ségèlì... *ségèlì... *** *** ségèlì... *ségèlì... *** *** ségèlì... *ségèlì... *** *** põ̂ põ̂ all quant now there all the place they were doing sacrifice sacrifice sacrifice all segeli is Hausa sayb001.258 792.960 793.720 Yabani põ̂ põ̂ all quant érè éré 3PP.PRO pro all of them I think they were doing sacrfiices in all the places sayb001.259 793.720 794.440 Markus érè éré 3PP.PRO pro hwáarànà hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone it was them that started i.e. they started the sacrificing that still goes on sayb001.260 794.320 797.960 Yabani érè éré 3PP.PRO pro hwáarànà, hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wúmpà wú- AGR7- ag- mpà this dem kàzá kàzá particularly adv híndè híndè like_this adv it was them that started, this particular place like that Yabani says s.t. like 'asu kwa, not 'asu wumpa. the r in ere sounds like a trill - could this be the copula effect? sayb001.261 798.080 803.200 Yabani áyã̀a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj màwáa mà- NC4- nc- wáa dog n mòrúmónò, mà- AGR4- ag- rùmó dark adj áyã̀a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj ǹ ǹ and conj kùtɔ́ɔ kù- NC9- nc- tɔ́ɔ hen n kùrúmónò, kù- AGR9- ag- rùmó dark adj they should do a black dog, they should do a black hen the spirits were telling them what they should sacrifice note list intonation why two ands? sayb001.262 803.560 805.840 Yabani émpè émpè this pro pâa pâa here loc kùtɔ́ɔ kù- NC9- nc- tɔ́ɔ hen n kù'úyónò kù- AGR9- ag- 'úyó light adj this one here (i.e. another spirit) a white hen sayb001.263 805.720 807.640 Markus àlápà a- 3PP- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone sáa sáa or conj yàanú yàanú who question ǹ ǹ and conj ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art ùtá'ànà u- 3PS- agp- ta'a want v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone they knew each one with the things it wanted note person agreement with spirit as quantified subject sayb001.264 807.600 811.520 Yabani 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art põ̂ põ̂ all quant 'álìjìní 'álìjìní spirit n yónò, yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone àkwái òkóo there_exists pres ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art àsíyã̀awà a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yãa do v -wa -APPL -appl ségèlè... *ségèlè... *** *** each place a spirit was, there were things they were doing for (it) sacrifice. sayb001.265 811.520 812.680 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.266 813.120 815.000 Yabani tò, tò OK intj òtù òtù 1PP.PRO pro gó gó TOP part põ̂ põ̂ all quant táɗì... *táɗì... *** *** vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop òyónò a- 3PP- agp- yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone únɔ̀ɔ ù- NC7- nc- nɔɔ give v -L -COMPL -ntone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro OK us it's all the story they were telling us. taɗi is Hausa for 'conversation' sayb001.267 815.880 821.880 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà, CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art ánà ánà when conj èrè éré 3PP.PRO pro 'wâanà, 'waa pass v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj dègèlêe dègèlée then conj kùmà kùmà more quant túndà túndà since conj OK the time when they went, OK then sayb001.268 821.880 824.920 Markus àmátà a- 3PP- agp- mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone múu mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl mínà mì- AGR5- ag- nà ART art mì'ɔ́pɔ̀nɔ̀ mi- AGR5- agv- 'ɔpɔ hold v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone kúmá kùmà more quant ùráa ù- NC7- nc- raa eat v céelímé tì- NC6- nc- élímé in_front_of n they bore children who caught (i.e. multiplied I think) and going forward sayb001.269 824.920 827.520 Markus hárì hár until conj ánnà ánnà today adv ìndúu ìndúu here_is pres ótù òtù 1PP.PRO pro pâa pâa here loc hárì hár until conj kúmà kùmà more quant ìndúu ìndúu here_is pres òkóo òkóo there_exists pres kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n until today here we are, until here is Korisino. sayb001.270 827.520 830.320 Yabani tò tò OK intj múu mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl ma̋azá mi̋- AGR5.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem mì m- AGR5- ag- ì COP cop OK it was the children of those people i.e. the children of the hunters populated Korisino sayb001.271 830.320 835.000 Markus múu mɔ́ɔ child n -PL -PL -pl mínà mì- AGR5- ag- nà ART art mí? m- AGR5- ag- ì COP cop wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part gó gó TOP part ùzámùkwà u- 3PS- agp- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n ùhwáarà ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v wí ù- AGR7- ag- ì COP cop wűkórísìnôo, wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n àtáwã́ à- NC2- nc- táwã́ hunter n hè ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop it was the children, it came about Korisino, it was the start of Korisino, it was hunters sayb001.272 835.000 839.120 Yabani àtáwã́ à- NC2- nc- táwã́ hunter n hè, ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem múuwà m- 1PS- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone hútònò a- 3PP- agp- uto rise v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone ('ũ̂??) 'ũ̂ there loc háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone rùwé'è rì- NC3- nc- wé'è valley n yi̋cítã́i i̋- AGR3.GEN- aggen- tì- NC6- nc- tã́i shooting n it was hunters, those people I heard it said they went out (from their former place) and came to a land of shooting (i.e. Acipa land now) 'ũ? sayb001.273 839.640 842.400 Yabani émpè émpè this pro kùmà kùmà more quant sáa sáa or conj dàa... *dàa... *** *** húutònò a- 3PP- agp- uto rise v -na -VENT -vent -LHL -RLS -vtone wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art ùré ù- NC7- nc- ré town n 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc he too they went out (from) some town there it is not known where this town was is this the Hausa 'da' meaning 'formerly'? sayb001.274 842.520 844.560 Yabani nì ǹ and conj kkâ CDup- NC8- nc- ká woman n véevì v- AGR8- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro kká CDup- NC8- nc- ká woman n mátà mata give_birth v -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep úyáa ù- NC7- nc- yáa road n and his wife gave birth on the road Markus didn't like the explicit 'a' before uyaa, but the tone pattern, vowel length, and the semantics suggest that at least historically there was an 'a' here. check tone on kka here - I had falling before sayb001.275 844.920 847.840 Yabani tò tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj èré éré 3PP.PRO pro àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n llè, llè that dem ánà ánà when conj àkúmbànà a- 3PP- agp- kumba climb v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone híndà a- 3PP- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù, 'ásù place n OK when they, those people, when they climbed they saw the place First part is slurred here. sayb001.276 848.120 850.600 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone húwà a- 3PP- agp- uuwa feel v -LHL -RLS -vtone mĩ́isĩ̀ m̀- NC5- nc- ĩ́sĩ̀ crying n mɔ́ɔ, mɔ́ɔ child n 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc a̋ a̋ LOC prep cùkṹu tì- NC6- nc- kṹu stalk n tűkúsã́a ti̋- AGR6.GEN- aggen- kù- NC9- nc- sã́a mountain n they heard the crying of a child there at the foot of the mountain i.e. The hunters heard the child crying from the top Is there a long m- at the start of 'child'? sayb001.277 851.040 853.080 Yabani háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àgítù a- 3PP- agp- gitu go_back v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone gò gó TOP part kká CDup- NC8- nc- ká woman n líllàsí líllàsí persuasion n véevì v- AGR8- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro they went back down and nagged the woman She didn't want to come but they persuaded her. Lit. they did the woman her nagging(?) sayb001.278 853.080 855.720 Yabani ǹ ǹ and conj àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kká CDup- NC8- nc- ká woman n líllàsí líllàsí persuasion n véevì, v- AGR8- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone úm'ùm... *úm'ùm... *** *** they nagged the woman, they said no, The 'haya ahyaan' just sounds like a non-verbal sound. sayb001.279 855.760 858.000 Yabani túkùmbànà ti- 1PP- agp- kumba climb v -na -VENT -vent -HL -IRR -vtone 'índè 'índè there loc 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc põ̂ põ̂ all quant a̋ a̋ LOC prep kúsã́a kù- NC9- nc- sã́a mountain n kúllè kù- AGR9- ag- llè that dem tíyòo ti- 1PP- agp- yoo go v -HL -IRR -vtone tídòonù ti- 1PP- agp- doonu sit_down v -HL -IRR -vtone let's all climb there to the mountain let's go and settle. Note use of directional on kumba when they must have been at the bottom of the mountain sayb001.280 858.680 862.120 Yabani àmáa àmá but conj òkóo òkóo there_exists pres wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art 'álìjìní 'álìjìní spirit n 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc gùmáa gùmáa it_would_be_better part tíkìncà ti- 1PP- agp- kinca prepare_for v -HL -IRR -vtone vì v- AGR8- ag- ì PRO ncpro but there's a certain spirit there, it would be better if we prepare (food) for it is this what the hunters said, or when Yabani says 'we' does he mean 'us Acipu'? Notice that there is no spreading onto the 'vi' - therefore this is a noun class pronoun, not a personal pronoun. sayb001.281 862.640 865.160 Yabani tò tò OK intj mɔ́ɔ mɔ́ɔ child n méllè mà- AGR4- ag- llè that dem dá'à dá'à moreover adv mí m- AGR4- ag- ì PRO ncpro mè m- AGR4- ag- ì COP cop màyáɗùkwànà ma- AGR4- agv- yaɗukwa spread_out v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone OK it was that child multiplied i.e. she had many children when she grew up noun class pronoun in subject position sayb001.282 865.560 867.040 Yabani hárì hár until conj ùcâa u- AGR7- agv- caa give v -LHL -RLS -vtone éllè éllè that_one pro cì'ítàní tì- NC6- nc- 'ítàní marriage n he (the father) gave him (the Kadisa man) wedding hari obviously does not mean 'until' here as she had the children after the wedding! sayb001.283 869.400 873.000 Markus wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art dóonùnà doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádísà, kà- NC1- nc- dísà Kadisa n zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art dóonùnà doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone kángù kángù Kangu n the one who lived at Kadisa, the one who lived at Kangu Note long 'a' at the end of doonuna which suggests the presence of the 'a' preposition sayb001.284 873.320 875.240 Markus zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art dóonùnà doonu sit_down v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádáadà kà- NC1- nc- dáadà court n é éví 3PS.PRO pro vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop kàmã́yã̀ kà- NC1- nc- mã́yã̀ elder n kíivè kà- AGR1- ag- ívè 3PP.POSS ppro lêe lêe there loc the one who lived at Kadaada he was their older brother there? The tone on 'e vi' suggests to be that this is pronoun + copula, not just the pronoun. sayb001.285 875.720 877.920 Markus éví éví 3PS.PRO pro nà nà FOC part ùɗáanà u- 3PS- agp- ɗaa surpass v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro éví éví 3PS.PRO pro ùhyã̂a u- AGR7- agv- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone rè rè 3PP.PRO pro he surpassed them (in years) he he said to them na u coalesces to nu - could this explain a few other strange n-'s at the beginning of verbs? sayb001.286 877.920 878.760 Markus àyá aya come v -LH -IMP -vtone -nà -nà -IMP.PL -imp tíyã̀a ti- 1PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone pâa pâa here loc kàzá kàzá particularly adv come let us do this particular thing here ku zo mu yi wani abu a nan Discussion with Markus revealed that there is a nasal contrast between 'ayana' (arrive) and 'ayaanna' (come) sayb001.287 878.800 879.320 Yabani tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.288 879.320 880.080 Markus àyá aya come v -LH -IMP -vtone -nà -nà -IMP.PL -imp tíyã̀a ti- 1PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone kàzá kàzá particularly adv Come so that we do a certain thing. I think this is still the chief talking sayb001.289 880.040 883.400 Yabani èvì éví 3PS.PRO pro põ̂ põ̂ all quant 'álìjìní, 'álìjìní spirit n 'álìjìní 'álìjìní spirit n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art yónò yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep úré ù- NC7- nc- ré town n wúllè, wú- AGR7- ag- llè that dem põ̂ põ̂ all quant é éví 3PS.PRO pro vì v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop Every spirit that was in the town, each one. aljinin da ke garin - Markus added the -no after yo, it wasn't there when Yabani said it. "he all" seems to mean him and his associates - I think it means they are the reason the spirits gathered together in one place. sayb001.290 883.720 886.200 Yabani 'ásù 'ásù place n kàzá kàzá particularly adv híndè, híndè like_this adv 'álìjìní 'álìjìní spirit n vímpà vì- AGR8- ag- mpà this dem at this particular place, this spirit sayb001.291 886.200 887.920 Yabani ìndúu ìndúu here_is pres ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art húuyã̀awà a- 3PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- yãa do v -wa -APPL -appl -HL -IRR -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro sádàkà... *sádàkà... *** *** here is the things they will do it offering sadaka is Hausa for 'alms' or 'charity' sayb001.292 888.360 891.880 Yabani vímpà vì- AGR8- ag- mpà this dem kúmá kùmà more quant ìndúu, ìndúu here_is pres vi̋kádísà vi̋- AGR8.GEN- aggen- kà- NC1- nc- dísà Kadisa n kúmá kùmà more quant yó yo be v -LHL -RLS -vtone dàbɔ̃́ dàbɔ̃́ different ? this one too of Kadisa is different i.e. the spirit wants different things sayb001.293 892.200 897.600 Yabani tò, tò OK intj kúmá kùmà more quant báyá... *báyá... *** *** 'ínì, 'ínì like_that adv éví, éví 3PS.PRO pro ánà ánà when conj àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ínì, 'ínì like_that adv OK and after that, he, when they did like that baya is Hausa sayb001.294 897.800 902.120 Yabani 'álìjìní 'álìjìní spirit n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art põ̂, põ̂ all quant wà wà that comp sée sée unless conj hyã̂a hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone ìndúu ìndúu here_is pres émpè émpè this pro kàzá kàzá particularly adv ví'úyò vì- AGR8- ag- 'úyó light adj each spirit (said) that then it said here is this one's particular thing (i.e. sacrificial requirements), something light(-coloured) I didn't get the meaning well here. tone on vi'uyo sayb001.295 902.560 904.360 Yabani tò tò OK intj èví éví 3PS.PRO pro zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n kkàdáadà, CDup- NC8- nc- kà- NC1- nc- dáadà court n wáyà w- 3PS- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùhyã̂a u- AGR7- agv- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj OK he the one of Kadaada he said OK sayb001.296 904.880 908.040 Yabani ǹ ǹ and conj àtá'à a- 3PP- agp- ta'a want v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùdẽ́i ù- NC7- nc- dẽ́i settlement n wéevì ù- AGR7- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc sòsái, sòsâi indeed adv sée sée unless conj gő gó TOP part húucàa a- 3PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- caa give v -HL -IRR -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro tìwɔ́mɔ́ tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n if (since?) they liked his staying there (at Kadaada) so much, they have to give him the chieftancy i.e. if they wanted him to stay, then they would have to make him chief cì = càa vì - note how the object pronoun vi is only reflected in the change of vowel in the verb ci. Presumably this is why it can be left out (e.g. mindi ce) see is low tone here for some reason. This seems to be the standard pattern before go. sayb001.297 908.960 912.880 Yabani tò, tò OK intj háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone ée, 'ĩ́i yes intj húucàa a- 3PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- caa give v -HL -IRR -vtone tìwɔ́mɔ́ tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n tò tò OK intj màhwáarì mà- NC4- nc- hwáarí start n ma̋tíwɔ́mɔ́ ma̋- AGR4.GEN- aggen- tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n mánà mà- AGR4- ag- nà ART art málêe mà- AGR4- ag- lêe there loc OK they said yes they will give the chieftancy OK, that is the start of the chieftancy Markus wrote tina tile instead of mina mile - an interesting kind of error! sayb001.298 913.080 914.640 Markus tò tò OK intj ánà ánà when conj àcáanà a- 3PP- agp- caa give v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro tìwɔ́mɔ́, tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n tò tò OK intj OK when they gave him the chieftancy, a lot of coalescence: àcáanù tɔ́mɔ́. Why does the 'vi' go to a 'u'? sayb001.299 916.120 919.200 Markus 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part ùzámùkwà u- AGR7- agv- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc évì éví 3PS.PRO pro céelímé tì- NC6- nc- élímé in_front_of n ǹ ǹ and conj gàbáɗáyá... *gàbáɗáyá... *** *** that was how it came about there he was before all (i.e. he was their leader) sayb001.300 921.240 924.720 Yabani zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n kkàdísà CDup- AGR8- aggen- kà- NC1- nc- dísà Kadisa n ǹ ǹ and conj àzá'índè àzá'índè those dem põ̂ põ̂ all quant évì, éví 3PS.PRO pro évì éví 3PS.PRO pro wwɔ́mɔ́ CDup- NC8- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n the man of Kadisa and those others all he was chief sayb001.301 924.760 932.360 Markus tò, tò OK intj tò tò OK intj wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part ùzámùkwà u- AGR7- agv- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà, CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àcáanà a- 3PP- agp- caa give v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro tìwɔ́mɔ́, tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n ùhwáarà ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v wűtúwɔ́mɔ́ wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art wùlêe ù- AGR7- ag- lêe there loc OK OK that was how it came about there the time they gave him the chieftancy, that was the start of the chieftancy wúnù lêe = wúnà wùlêe sayb001.302 933.720 935.600 Yabani éré éré 3PP.PRO pro àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n héllè hà- AGR2- ag- llè that dem they those people sayb001.303 934.880 935.800 Markus ée 'ĩ́i yes intj yes sayb001.304 935.760 936.800 Yabani érè éré 3PP.PRO pro hwáarànà hwaara start v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone they started note focus tone pattern on ere sayb001.305 936.320 943.080 Markus wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n hyã̂a hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro wà, wà that comp lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem báa báa there_is_no neg wwɔ́mɔ́, CDup- NC8- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n ánà ánà when conj wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n wáyànà u- 3PS- agp- aya come v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone dègèlée dègèlée then conj háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ɔ́pɔ̀ 'ɔpɔ hold v -LHL -RLS -vtone vì, vì 3PS.PRO pro àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro someone told us that that time there was no chief, then one man came then they took him, they said to him the Acipawa caught a man because they had no candidate for the chieftancy you can hear the long w in wwomo clearly. sayb001.306 943.080 944.240 Markus vúuzàmùkwà v- 2PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- zamukwa become v -HL -IRR -vtone wɔ́mɔ́ wɔ́mɔ́ chief n vőocípù vi̋- AGR8.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- cípù Acipawa_person n you will be the chief of the Acipu sayb001.307 944.240 946.400 Yabani kàmá kàmá like conj tí tí similar_to prep tímódó tì- NC6- nc- módó slave n híndè híndè like_this adv xxx *xxx *** *** like it's slavery tone on timodo? Has H L H originally sayb001.308 946.560 950.080 Markus wà wà that comp ánà ánà when conj ví'índè vì- AGR8- ag- 'índè that dem kôonò koo die v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe, lêe there loc ánà ánà when conj ví'índè vì- AGR8- ag- 'índè that dem kôonò koo die v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone (they said) that when that chief died there, when that chief died the old chief Note use of deictic vi'inde. This is not anaphoric deixis, so we might say discourse-deictic. It is interesting that this far deictic is used to introduce a (very peripheral) character into the discourse. sayb001.309 949.640 951.160 Yabani ví'índè vì- AGR8- ag- 'índè that dem kôonò koo die v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone that one died Can't hear very well whether there really is a -no suffix here. sayb001.310 950.160 951.200 Markus àcíyò a- 3PP- agp- tiyo get v -LHL -RLS -vtone cé cé NEG neg zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art râanà? raa eat v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone they didn't collect a person who ate? i.e. there was no suitable candidate for the chieftancy sayb001.312 951.200 952.000 Markus ánà ánà when conj ɔ̀'ɔ́pɔ̀nɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- 'ɔpɔ hold v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone kómódó, kà- NC1- nc- módó slave n háyà h- 3PP- agp- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro when they caught the slave, they did him sayb001.311 951.200 952.000 Yabani á'à á'à no intj no sayb001.313 953.760 956.280 Yabani tò, tò OK intj évì éví 3PS.PRO pro ànáɗùkwànà... *ànáɗùkwànà... *** *** tíwɔ́mɔ́ tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n OK, it was he they appointed the chieftancy nad'a is Hausa verb meaning - install, or appoint Why high tone on tiwomo prefix? Object-fronted construction. e vvi? Could we have this sentence in the normal word order and still ditransitive? sayb001.314 959.880 968.840 Markus tò, tò OK intj kàmá kàmá like conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà, CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art àkámànà, a- 3PP- agp- kama be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone tò tò OK intj yìní yìní what question yì, ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop OK, like when, they were, OK what is it... sayb001.315 969.120 972.320 Markus túndà túndà since conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem bâa, báa there_is_no neg kàmá kàmá like conj ìhìtílà ì- NC3- nc- hìtílà light n yímpà ì- AGR3- ag- mpà this dem yɔ̋ɔkɔ̃́ɔ, i̋- AGR3.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- kɔ̃́ɔ egg n since at that time there was no like these lamps of eggs (i.e. kerosene lanterns) note rising tone list intonation imposed on top of falling associative tone pattern. sayb001.316 972.680 974.840 Markus nì ǹ and conj sáurá... *sáurá... *** *** vi̋'ababe... *vi̋'ababe... *** *** vínà vì- AGR8- ag- nà ART art yónò yo be v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ká'à, ká'à now adv bâa báa there_is_no neg yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro and the other things that there are now, there wasn't them da sauran ababe sayb001.317 974.440 975.480 Yabani á'à á'à no intj bâa báa there_is_no neg yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro no there wasn't them sayb001.318 975.400 984.400 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víɗɗò, vì- AGR8- ag- ɗɗò 2PP.POSS ppro tèné tì- AGR6- ag- èné what question tì, tì- AGR6- ag- ì COP cop yìní yìní what question ìsíyũ̂u, i- 2PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yũu put v hárì hár until conj yúutò i- 2PP- agp- uto rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wa̋azá, wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- zá person n sáa sáa or conj kúmá kùmà more quant tèné tì- AGR6- ag- èné what question tì tì- AGR6- ag- ì COP cop ìsíyã̂a i- 2PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yãa do v hárì, hár until conj yúutò i- 2PP- agp- uto rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wa̋azá wű- AGR7.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- zá person n OK in your (pl.) time how did you do, what did you (pl.) wear when you came out into the place of men ku fita wurin mutane - subjunctive translation. sayb001.319 984.360 991.080 Yabani ǹyó m- 1PS- agp- yo be v -LHL -RLS -vtone nìní nìní with_what ? yíyũ̂u i- AGR3- agv- yũu put v ká'à ká'à now adv ń ń if conj bâa báa there_is_no neg gó gó TOP part ǹtìttégù, ǹ- NC5- nc- ttégù shirt n ǹtìttégù ǹ- NC5- nc- ttégù shirt n mímpà m̀- AGR5- ag- mpà this dem mi̋-óyóyú mi̋- AGR5.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- yóyú shirt_k.o. n cé cé NEG neg I had nothing to wear now except shirts, these shirts of strips not ini yiyuun means nothing to wear koyoyu is 1, oyoyu is many = rag, [later on I gloss this as a kind of shirt] 'in baa go' seems to mean s.t. like 'except' nini yiyũu - what kind of construction? sayb001.320 991.680 993.280 Markus mínà mì- AGR5- ag- nà ART art àsìyã́a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yãa do v kèbèntêe? kà- NC1- nc- bèntêe loincloth_k.o.? n the ones they do Kebente sayb001.321 993.520 994.880 Markus mínà mì- AGR5- ag- nà ART art àsíyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yãa do v kèbèntêe? kà- NC1- nc- bèntêe loincloth_k.o.? n the ones they do Kebente sayb001.322 995.040 998.040 Markus tò tò OK intj àmáa àmá but conj àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem àkwái òkóo there_exists pres wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art vi̋irí vi̋- AGR8.GEN- aggen- ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n wà wà that comp yìní yìní what question máa? máa also part OK but they said that time, there was something (they said) that what? The ma itself is probably from Hausa Markus says 'wuna viiri', but it sounds like 'yuna'. ma at the end is very high falling. This intonation seems to be indicative of a rhetorical question. wuna viri seems to be assoc construction - there is an alternative wúnà ìrí - note difference in tone. mâa sayb001.323 998.320 1001.520 Markus sáa sáa or conj ká'à ká'à now adv àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone wwɔ́mɔ́ CDup- NC8- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n yó yo be v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹ ǹ and conj yí, ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro wà wà that comp yìní yìní what question máa? máa also part or now they said the chief has it, that what was it? i.e. the current chief sayb001.324 1001.600 1003.000 Markus sáa sáa or conj kúngwá kúngwá God n 'úngò 'ungo rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'úngò 'ungo rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùyɔ́'ɔ́ ù- NC7- nc- yɔ'ɔ rain v or God brought out raining the garment in question seems to be something that would be worn in the rain. ùyɔ́'ɔ́ is nc7, it means rain. kúngwá yɔ́'ɔ̀ means it rained. ùyɔ́'ɔ̀ means 'it rained'. Don't know if this is expletive, or if God/sky is the subject sayb001.325 1003.280 1007.840 Markus kâiǃ kâi excl intj àmú àmù 1PS.PRO pro kâiǃ kâi excl intj m̀pándà m- 1PS- agp- panda forget v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc Kai! me kai! I've forgotten sayb001.326 1007.840 1011.800 Markus ẽ̀hẽ́, *ẽ̀hẽ́ *** *** lóokàcí lóokàcí time n llè llè that dem kàbárá kà- NC1- nc- bárá old_man n káhyã̀a ka- AGR1- agv- hyãa say v -HL -IRR -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro àkwái òkóo there_exists pres wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art vi̋irí vi̋- AGR8.GEN- aggen- ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n eh-heh, that time the elder said OK there was something the vi from ville has been dropped in quick speech He means Galadima (Yabani's older brother) do we get a Hausa subjunctive translation for kahyaan here? The tu comes out -to, presumably because of coalescence with the a- of akwai. sayb001.327 1011.800 1015.160 Markus wà wà that comp yìní yìní what question àsíhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- hyãa say v yì?, ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro wà wà that comp yìní yìní what question àsìhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- hyãa say v yì? ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro that what did they call it?, that what did they call it? sayb001.328 1016.200 1023.440 Markus sáa sáa or conj mòkúrú?, mà- NC4- nc- kúrú skirt_k.o. n kâiǃ, kâi excl intj m̀pándà, m- 1PS- agp- panda forget v -LHL -RLS -vtone òkóo òkóo there_exists pres yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n àsívà'ã̀nù, a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- va'ã tie v -nu -RES -res áarì à- NC2- nc- árì man n kúmá kùmà more quant àkwái òkóo there_exists pres ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n àsí..., *àsí... *** *** áarì à- NC2- nc- árì man n àsívà'ã̀nù a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- va'ã tie v -nu -RES -res or mokuru? kai! I forget, it is something women tie, men too, it is something men tie inkuru (L H H), 4/5, some kind of clothing, Markus couldn't remember round the waist, like a skirt I think sayb001.329 1023.720 1024.760 Yabani wèné w- 3PS- agp- èné what question 'írì? 'írì kind n what thing? speech is a bit unclear here, but Markus gave me wene. Interesting person agreement form on -ene. sayb001.330 1025.000 1026.200 Markus wà wà that comp sáa sáa or conj yìní? yìní what question that or what? Hausa: we mene ne? sayb001.331 1027.117 1030.200 Yabani ń ń if conj bâa báa there_is_no neg gó gó TOP part ìyáyíbá ì- NC3- nc- yáyíbá clothing_k.o. n yìcé? ì- AGR3- ag- cé NEG neg àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n àsívà'ã̀nù a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- va'ã tie v -nu -RES -res 'ínì 'ínì like_that adv is it not iyayiba? women tied like that Markus gave me the AGR on the negation particle but I can't hear it on the recording. sayb001.332 1032.358 1035.000 Markus bán... *bán... *** *** dà... *dà... *** *** ìyáyíbá, ì- NC3- nc- yáyíbá clothing_k.o. n wà wà that comp sáa sáa or conj yìní? yìní what question it's not yayiba, that what was it? Hausa: ban da yayiba - the Cicipu would be ban ni iyayiba sayb001.333 1035.880 1043.680 Markus kâiǃ kâi excl intj ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art àsìhyã́a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- hyãa say v yì, ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro yìyô i- AGR3- agv- yo be v -LHL -RLS -vtone gó gó TOP part tìkóyóyú tì- NC6- nc- kóyóyú clothing_k.o. n kánà, ká- AGR1- ag- nà ART art wà wà that comp sáa sáa or conj àsíhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- hyãa say v kòkómpó, kà- NC1- nc- kómpó clothing_k.o. n kâiǃ kâi excl intj m̀pándà m- 1PS- agp- panda forget v -LHL -RLS -vtone àhúlá à- NC2- nc- húlá name n ha̋yì ha̋- AGR2.GEN- aggen- ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro kai! the thing they called it, it was tikoyoyu, that they called kokompo, kai! I forget the name of it. note that the double object here is made the head of a relative clause. Note associative with noun class pronoun as possessor sayb001.334 1044.240 1046.117 Yabani á'àǃ á'à no intj kòkómpó kà- NC1- nc- kómpó clothing_k.o. n ń ń if conj bâa báa there_is_no neg gó gó TOP part kèbéntè kà- NC1- nc- bèntêe loincloth_k.o.? n cé cé NEG neg No, kokompo is not like kebente. Double negative sayb001.335 1046.920 1048.560 Markus á'à á'à no intj kàmá kàmá like conj àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n hwà hwà TOP part àká à- NC2- nc- ká woman n no like women, women sayb001.336 1048.600 1049.240 Yabani àká? à- NC2- nc- ká woman n women? sayb001.337 1049.200 1050.000 Markus ée 'ĩ́i yes intj yes sayb001.338 1050.560 1055.680 Yabani ah...ǃ *ah... *** *** ǹkókóɗó m̀- NC5- nc- kkóɗó clothing_k.o. n mímpà mì- AGR5- ag- mpà this dem cé cé NEG neg mínà mì- AGR5- ag- nà ART art àváɗí à- NC2- nc- váɗí Vaɗi n àsíyũ̂u a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yũu put v pâa pâa here loc ah! it's not these clothes that the Avad'i are wearing here mokod'o is a kind of women's clothing sayb001.339 1055.760 1058.680 Yabani kàmá kàmá like conj ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n híndè híndè like_this adv túhwàatàrì... *túhwàatàrì... *** *** like that there skirts tuhwatari is Hausa, means s.t. like skirt (Bargery gives tufasad = 'to clothe') I don't think iri is quite right sayb001.340 1058.840 1059.960 Markus yìní yìní what question àhúlá à- NC2- nc- húlá name n héevì? ha- AGR2- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro what's its name? note inanimate possessor taking 3rd person possessor. sayb001.341 1060.200 1060.560 Yabani hmm...? *hmm... *** *** hmm? sayb001.342 1060.600 1061.360 Markus yìní yìní what question àhúlá à- NC2- nc- húlá name n héevì? ha- AGR2- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro what's its name? sayb001.343 1063.000 1064.080 Yabani hǐngà hǐngà hey! intj Táwí...ǃ *Táwí... *** *** hey Tawi! sayb001.344 1064.040 1064.720 Tawi íi? 'ĩ́i yes intj yes? rising intonation sayb001.345 1064.800 1068.520 Yabani ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art àkámùkwà a- 3PP- agp- kama be v -LHL -RLS -vtone sá'à sá'à time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem àváɗí à- NC2- nc- váɗí Vaɗi n àsíyũ̂u a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yũu put v wà wà that comp kàkàɓàlí kà- NC1- nc- kàɓàlí leaf_covering n kóo? kóo or conj the things they were that time the Avad'i are wearing, they are called kakab'ali or? tone on hab? sayb001.346 1069.280 1069.830 Tawi ò'íi ò'íi yes intj yes sayb001.347 1069.640 1070.960 Yabani xxx *xxx *** *** <incomprehensible> sayb001.348 1069.680 1071.360 Markus àmáa àmá but conj àsì'ɔ́mɔ̀ a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- 'ɔmɔ call v vì vì 3PS.PRO pro yìní yìní what question ǹ ǹ and conj cìcípù? tì- NC6- nc- cípù Acipanci n but what do they call it in Cicipu? sayb001.349 1073.000 1073.920 Tawi yí ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop célè célè that dem kàkàɓàlí kà- NC1- nc- kàɓàlí leaf_covering n that's it Kakkab'ali yi because we're talking about a thing sayb001.350 1074.400 1076.400 Yabani hí ha- AGR2- ag- ì PRO ncpro hè ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop lêe lêe there loc hwá hwá definitely part a̋ a̋ LOC prep cícípù tì- NC6- nc- cípù Acipanci n kàkàɓàlí kà- NC1- nc- kàɓàlí leaf_covering n that is it definitely in Cicipu kakab'ali 'hi' because it is a name. sayb001.351 1076.960 1078.160 Markus mmm... *mmm... *** *** hmmmm... sayb001.352 1078.280 1080.520 Yabani màhá màhá but conj sá'à sá'à time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem bâa báa there_is_no neg ǹkókóɗó, m̀- NC5- nc- kkóɗó clothing_k.o. n érè éré 3PP.PRO pro nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art but that time there were no (woven?) clothing, (there was only) them (ere refers to the patched clothes). Yabani is saying that patched clothing came before tuhwatari. It's all a bit confusing sayb001.353 1080.640 1086.000 Markus wàtõ̀, wàtò that_is_to_say part tò, tò OK intj wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part ùzámùkwà u- AGR7- agv- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem tò tò OK intj àmáa àmá but conj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem so, OK, so it came about that time, OK but that time sayb001.354 1086.960 1090.200 Markus àhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone báa báa there_is_no neg ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yínà ì- AGR3- ag- nà ART art àsíhyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- hyãa say v ìhyácí ì- NC3- nc- hyácí cloth n sée sée unless conj òróonò à- NC2- nc- róonò loincloth n they said there was nothing they called clothing except loincloths sayb001.355 1090.320 1096.280 Yabani à'áǃ á'á surprise intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem máa máa also part hárì hár until conj tìyã̂a ti- 1PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone tìyã̂a ti- 1PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone kàwàayí kà- NC1- nc- wàayí shrewd n ká'à ká'à now adv gó, gó TOP part bâa báa there_is_no neg gò gó TOP part 'úngò 'ungo rise v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùyóo ù- NC7- nc- yoo go v a̋ a̋ LOC prep kákáasùwà kà- NC1- nc- káasùwà market n cé cé NEG neg no! that time we were wordly-wise - unless someone went out going to the market in ba ka tashi zuwa kasuwa ba does he mean 'it's not like that, that we went out to the market' tone on káwáyì tone on maa - had L before sayb001.356 1096.280 1098.440 Yabani ícìyò i- 2PP- agp- tiyo get v -HL -IRR -vtone méìrí mà- NC4- nc- ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n híndè, híndè like_this adv kùróonò kù- NC9- nc- róonò loincloth n kùcé kù- AGR9- ag- cé NEG neg you would get a small thing like that, not a loincloth Not sure of the meaning here sayb001.357 1098.720 1100.240 Markus kùróonò kù- NC9- nc- róonò loincloth n kwí kù- AGR9- ag- ì COP cop zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n síyũ̂u si- HAB- asp- yũu put v it was a loincloth a person was wearing object fronted tone on hab sayb001.358 1099.560 1100.320 Yabani mmm... *mmm... *** *** hmmm. sayb001.359 1100.640 1107.320 Markus tò, tò OK intj tò, tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem kúmá, kùmà more quant ánà ánà when conj ìsíyũ̂u i- 2PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yũu put v òróonò à- NC2- nc- róonò loincloth n OK, OK, that time too, when you were wearing loincloths sayb001.360 1107.880 1115.800 Markus lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem lóokàcí lóokàcí time n nnà, CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art kàmí kàahí before conj ìyũ̂u i- 2PP- agp- yũu put v -LHL -RLS -vtone òróonò à- NC2- nc- róonò loincloth n vì, v- AGR8- ag- ì COP cop ìrímpàanì ì- NC3- nc- rímpàanì this_thing n ye̋ebèntêe i̋- AGR3.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- bèntêe loincloth_k.o.? n yáyànà i- AGR3- agv- aya come v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone sáa sáa or conj gò gó TOP part that time, it was before you wore loincloths, that this thing of bente came or could the vi be called neutral agreement with 'kami iyuun oroono'? sayb001.361 1115.800 1118.840 Markus yáyà i- AGR3- agv- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone kàahí kàahí before conj ìhwâarà i- 2PP- agp- hwaara start v -LHL -RLS -vtone ùyṹu ù- NC7- nc- yũu put v òróonò à- NC2- nc- róonò loincloth n it came before you started wearing loincloths not sure of the logic here! According to Musa, Markus seems to be ssaying the same thing twice here anaphoric gender ag should check the prefixes here sayb001.362 1118.240 1120.320 Yabani èsée èsée actually part tìyíi ti- 1PP- agp- yuu CONT aux -LHL -RLS -vtone yũ̀u yũu put v -L -INF -vtone òróonò à- NC2- nc- róonò loincloth n mànà mànà definitely intj of course we were wearing loincloths definitely mana is Hausa i.e. they were wearing loincloths before they were wearing bante The first word sounds like Hausa 'ashe' to me sayb001.363 1120.200 1131.560 Markus tò, tò OK intj tò, tò OK intj wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part dègèlée, dègèlée then conj ràyúwá... *ràyúwá... *** *** víɗɗò vì- AGR8- ag- ɗɗò 2PP.POSS ppro lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem kàmí kàahí before conj ìhyácí ì- NC3- nc- hyácí cloth n yáyà, i- AGR3- agv- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone òróonò à- NC2- nc- róonò loincloth n hè? ha- AGR2- ag- ì COP cop OK, OK, so then, your lifestyle then, before clothing came, it was loincloths? rayuwa is Hausa for 'lifestyle' the ɗɗo doesn't sound long here. sayb001.364 1131.520 1132.520 Yabani mmm... *mmm... *** *** mmm.. sayb001.365 1132.200 1138.440 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem túndà túndà since conj ká'à ká'à now adv òkóo òkóo there_exists pres kàjírígí kà- NC1- nc- jírígí canoe n ka̋ggéɗù, ka̋- AGR1.GEN- aggen- CDup- NC8- nc- géɗù high n òkóo òkóo there_exists pres móotàa, móotàa car n òkóo òkóo there_exists pres kèeké, kèeké bicycle n òkóo òkóo there_exists pres máasĩ̀i máasĩ̀i motorbike n OK that time we see now there are planes, cars, bikes, motorbikes sayb001.366 1138.440 1140.200 Markus tò tò OK intj lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem kùmà kùmà more quant báa báa there_is_no neg sáa sáa or conj ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n OK that time there was nothing sayb001.367 1140.200 1142.080 Markus ǹ ǹ and conj ìɗó ìɗó 2PP.PRO pro ìtá'à i- 2PP- agp- ta'a want v -LHL -RLS -vtone íyã̀a i- 2PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone háalú háalú journey n ìsíyã̂a i- 2PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- yãa do v tèné? tì- AGR6- ag- èné what question when you wanted to make a journey how did you do it? not sure of tones here sayb001.368 1142.040 1143.800 Yabani lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè? vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem then? sayb001.369 1143.760 1144.440 Markus mm... *mm... *** *** mmm... sayb001.370 1144.440 1148.680 Yabani zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n wúu'ùngò u- 3PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- 'ungo rise v -HL -IRR -vtone má... *má... *** *** pâa pâa here loc lóokàcí lóokàcí time n víllè, vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem ǹ ǹ and conj àyã̂a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone ǹháalú m̀- NC5- nc- háalú journey n mi̋irí mi̋- AGR5.GEN- aggen- ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n someone would go out that time, when they did journeys of things I guess this means trade journeys what is 'ma' here? sayb001.371 1148.920 1150.560 Yabani bàtúurè bàtúurè white_person n a̋ a̋ LOC prep íikòo... *íikòo... *** *** the whiteman was in power iko is Hausa sayb001.372 1151.160 1159.680 Yabani dègèlée, dègèlée then conj wíndà u- 3PS- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone gó, gó TOP part hárì hár until conj àlá'á à- NC2- nc- lá'á shea_fruit n hámpà, hà- AGR2- ag- mpà this dem ǹ ǹ and conj ìdá'ũ̀, ì- NC3- nc- dá'ũ̀ guineacorn n ǹ ǹ and conj ìbèyée ì- NC3- nc- bèyée rice n then, he saw until these shea nuts and guineacorn and rice sayb001.373 1159.680 1162.720 Yabani põ̂, põ̂ all quant ń ń if conj ǹ ǹ and conj àyã̂anà a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n 'ũ̂, 'ũ̂ there loc húudùkwà a- 3PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- dukwa go v -HL -IRR -vtone húukàbà a- 3PP- agp- u- FUT- tns- kaba take v -HL -IRR -vtone yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro pâa pâa here loc all, if they (bature) did things there, they would go they (Acipu) would take them (from) here sayb001.374 1162.720 1165.200 Yabani a̋ a̋ LOC prep ánáa à- NC2- nc- náa leg n máa máa also part a̋ a̋ LOC prep kátĩ́i kà- NC1- nc- tĩ̂i head n údùkwà ù- NC7- nc- dukwa go v -L -COMPL -ntone tà... *tà... *** *** Zúrú... *Zúrú... *** *** by foot on head going by way of Zuru ta is Hausa for 'via' Note long a diagnostic for 'a' at the beginning Is this a Hausa word 'ma'? What does it mean here? sayb001.375 1165.200 1167.360 Markus éví éví 3PS.PRO pro wúuhyã̀a u- 3PS- agp- u- FUT- tns- hyãa say v -HL -IRR -vtone hâyàwá a- 3PP- agp- aya come v -wa -APPL -appl -LHL -RLS -vtone vì vì 3PS.PRO pro he (the white man) said the word, they went for him? sun je masa might have expected the subjunctive here... The tone on hayawa looks very like irrealis Does this mean 'they fetched for him'? Accompaniment or Benefactive? [2008-06 I think it's benefactive] sayb001.376 1167.320 1168.040 Yabani íi 'ĩ́i yes intj yes sayb001.377 1168.080 1168.760 Markus tò tò OK intj OK sayb001.378 1168.800 1170.440 Yabani a̋ a̋ LOC prep lóokàcí lóokàcí time n véevì v- AGR8- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro in his time sayb001.379 1170.480 1172.360 Markus kàmá, kàmá like conj éví éví 3PS.PRO pro tùwɔ́mɔ́ tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n 'ũ̂? 'ũ̂ there loc like, he had the chieftancy then? 'un' means in the past rather than locative sayb001.380 1172.120 1176.600 Yabani hmm..., *hmm... *** *** ùtá'à u- 3PS- agp- ta'a want v -LHL -RLS -vtone kàzá kàzá particularly adv híndè, híndè like_this adv põ̂ põ̂ all quant yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì PRO ncpro hmmm he (bature) liked all those wuna abu haka = kaza hinde - i.e. the crops mentioned before sayb001.381 1176.640 1181.680 Yabani 'ásù 'ásù place n põ̂, põ̂ all quant kàmá kàmá like conj vőorísìnôo vi̋- AGR8.GEN- aggen- à- NC2- nc- rísìnôo Karishen_person n lêe, lêe there loc kà'íngàwà kà- NC1- nc- 'íngàwà village n kà'íngàwà kà- NC1- nc- 'íngàwà village n kà'íngàwà kà- NC1- nc- 'íngàwà village n kà'íngàwà kà- NC1- nc- 'íngàwà village n kà'íngàwà kà- NC1- nc- 'íngàwà village n all of Korisino there, all the villages ( village village village village village) sayb001.382 1181.680 1182.640 Yabani húutàusìlà ha- AGR2- agv- u- 3PS- agp- tausa bring_together v -HL -IRR -vtone -il- -PLAC- -plac- 'ínì 'ínì like_that adv they would bring together (i.e. their crops) like that sayb001.383 1182.640 1186.280 Yabani hárì, hár until conj áyã̀a a- 3PP- agp- yãa do v -HL -IRR -vtone ìtángì, ì- NC3- nc- tángì item n ákàbà a- 3PP- agp- kaba take v -HL -IRR -vtone dùkúwà... *dùkúwà... *** *** even they would do things (e.g. rice, g.corn), they would take (i.e. to Zuru) duku = kaiwa strange tone pattern here L H... ìndúkù vì - I took it, ìndúkùwà Ishaya ìn vì - I took it to Ishaya (applicative) sayb001.384 1186.360 1190.520 Yabani àlá'á, à- NC2- nc- lá'á shea_fruit n ìbèyée, ì- NC3- nc- bèyée rice n íyàaká íyàaká limit n gó gó TOP part ìdá'ũ̀ ì- NC3- nc- dá'ũ̀ guineacorn n yì ì- AGR3- ag- ì COP cop shea nuts, rice, the remainder(?) it was guineacorn sayb001.385 1191.560 1197.440 Markus wàtõ̀ wàtò that_is_to_say part ùzámùkwà u- 3PS- agp- zamukwa become v -LHL -RLS -vtone lêe lêe there loc tún... *tún... *** *** ǹ ǹ and conj ùhwáarà, ù- NC7- nc- hwaara start v bàtúurè bàtúurè white_person n lápà lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n so it came about way back then with the start the white man knew of Korisino tun is Hausa I think this means the start of Korisino sayb001.386 1196.880 1197.720 Yabani ùlápà u- 3PS- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone he knew sayb001.387 1197.440 1200.080 Markus sɔ́bɔ̀ sɔ́bɔ̀ because conj dà... *dà... *** *** ká'à ká'à now adv sáa sáa or conj íɗáa ì- NC3- nc- ɗáa ground n yi̋hõ̂i i̋- AGR3.GEN- aggen- hõ̂i far adv àlápà a- 3PP- agp- lapa know v -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n because [in] every far off land they know of Korisino does hwoin have a long h? Is there a locative preposition somewhere in here? sayb001.388 1200.080 1205.640 Markus kùmà kùmà more quant wúnà wú- 3PS- daff- nà ART art àzá à- NC2- nc- zá person n àsìwáyà a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- aya come v sɔ́bɔ̀ sɔ́bɔ̀ because conj dà... *dà... *** *** húndà a- 3PP- agp- inda see v -LHL -RLS -vtone kúmá, kùmà more quant ìdámùwà i- 2PP- agp- dama tell v -wa -APPL -appl -LHL -RLS -vtone tù tù 1PP.PRO pro ìhyã̂a i- 2PP- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone and some people they are coming because they see, you told us you said I think it can be wunazaa or anazaa at the beginning here - either is acceptable according to MY, although when I asked IM he seemed to think anazaa was better sayb001.389 1205.680 1209.080 Markus ǹ ǹ and conj bàtúurè bàtúurè white_person n yôo, yoo go v -LHL -RLS -vtone kòrísìnôo kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n hárì hár until conj ùkúmbà u- 3PS- agp- kumba climb v -LHL -RLS -vtone a̋ a̋ LOC prep kádáadà, kà- NC1- nc- dáadà court n àsìhyã́a a- 3PP- agp- si- HAB- asp- hyãa say v vì vì 3PS.PRO pro mɔ́ɔ mɔ́ɔ child n ma̋kwá'à ma̋- AGR4.GEN- aggen- kù- NC9- nc- 'wá'à compound n mé m- AGR4- ag- ì COP cop when the whiteman goes to Korisino even he climbs to Kadaada they are calling him a child of the house Because of this respect, white men can be shown certain artefacts (the spears of Kisra) that they wouldn't show other black people What is the structure here? Is it (1) 'they are saying he is a child of the house' or (2) 'they are calling him a child of the hause'. The copula me suggests (1), the object pronoun vi suggests (2). sayb001.390 1209.200 1209.840 Yabani mmm... *mmm... *** *** mmm sayb001.391 1209.840 1213.440 Markus tò, tò OK intj àmáa àmá but conj évì éví 3PS.PRO pro bàtúurè bàtúurè white_person n ùyã́ayã́ ù- NC7- nc- yãa do v - - - yãa do v túwɔ́mɔ́ tì- NC6- nc- wɔ́mɔ́ chief n 'ũ̂ 'ũ̂ there loc sũ̀? sṹ question question OK but he whiteman he did he did chieftancy then? why reduplication of yaan? Musa says they are the same meaning sayb001.392 1213.200 1214.000 Yabani á'à á'à no intj no sayb001.393 1213.880 1214.560 Markus ùyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone cè? cé NEG neg he didn't? sayb001.394 1214.560 1217.880 Yabani ùyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- yãa do v -LHL -RLS -vtone cè, cé NEG neg èvì éví 3PS.PRO pro gó gó TOP part íllìmì... *íllìmì... *** *** véevì v- AGR8- ag- évì 3PS.POSS ppro dègè ánà dègè ánà then conj gó gó TOP part he didn't, he his knowledge from there... illimi is Hausa, something like knowledge. Yabani doesn't make the rest of this explicit... sayb001.395 1218.040 1224.400 Yabani zzá CDup- NC8- nc- zá person n nnà CDup- AGR8- ag- nà ART art põ̂ põ̂ all quant wáyànà u- 3PS- agp- aya come v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone sée sée unless conj ùhyã̂a u- 3PS- agp- hyãa say v -LHL -RLS -vtone ɔ́'ɔ̀ á'à no intj ùtá'à u- 3PS- agp- ta'a want v -LHL -RLS -vtone úyò u- 3PS- agp- yo be v -HL -IRR -vtone wíndànà, u- 3PS- agp- inda see v -na -VENT -vent -HL -IRR -vtone wɔ́mɔ́ wɔ́mɔ́ chief n kkòrísìnôo CDup- AGR8- aggen- kà- NC1- nc- rísìnôo Karishen n every person who went he said aw'aw he wanted to come and see the chief of Korisino sayb001.396 1223.760 1225.960 Markus wɔ́mɔ́ wɔ́mɔ́ chief n víllè vì- AGR8- ag- llè that dem sɔ́bɔ̀ sɔ́bɔ̀ because conj dà... *dà... *** *** wúuwùwà wu- AGR7- agv- u- FUT- tns- uuwa feel v -HL -IRR -vtone 'úunì 'ũ̂ there loc -ni -NMLZ -nom ùdéɗéení ù- NC7- nc- deɗe stay_long v -ni -NMLZ -nom that chief because he would hear there with a long time I think this means the whiteman has been hearing tales of Korisino for a long time tone on 'uuni sayb001.397 1225.960 1229.440 Yabani íi, 'ĩ́i yes intj sáa sáa or conj hànú hànú where question põ̂ põ̂ all quant báa báa there_is_no neg 'ásù 'ásù place n wúnà wú- AGR7- ag- nà ART art kànàbáyì kà- NC1- nc- nàbáyì news n kàlábànà ka- AGR1- agv- laba lack v -na -PFV -asp -LHL -RLS -vtone ùyáanì ù- NC7- nc- yaa arrive v -ni -NMLZ -nom yes, everywhere there's no place the story has not arrived this is another way of negating - here you would normally use a negative (not arrived) in English where Cicipu uses a lexical negative. sayb001.398 1229.800 1237.880 Yabani ń ń if conj ǹ ǹ and conj ùyôo u- 3PS- agp- yoo go v -LHL -RLS -vtone wáyà w- AGR7- ag- aya come v -LHL -RLS -vtone 'ásù 'ásù place n wúntò wú- NC7- nc- ntò guest_hut n wúllè wú- AGR7- ag- llè that dem bân... *bân... *** *** yí'índè ì- AGR3- ag- 'índè that dem ìrí ì- NC3- nc- rí thing n yi̋rúumá, i̋- AGR3.GEN- aggen- rì- NC3- nc- úmá war n ǹgã̂i, m̀- NC5- nc- gã̂i sword n àsáyú à- NC2- nc- sáyú spear n when he goes to the place of that shelter, apart from things of war, swords, spears iri yiruma is not the usual assoc tone pattern because it is list intonation. ban is Hausa 'ban da' - apart from. Not sure of his meaning here. There a